Environmental Systems Engineering and Economics
Environmental Systems Engineering and Economics emphasizes the application of optimization, economics, and systems engineering to problems in environmental resources management. This senior level/graduate textbook introduces optimization theory and algori
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A c.l.P. Catalogue record for Ihis book is available from the Library of Congress. Title: Environmental Systems Engineering and Economics Editor: Robert Willis and Brad A. Finney ISBN 978-1-4613-5097-2 ISBN 978-1-4615-0479-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-0479-5
Copyright © 2004 by Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1si edition 2004 AII rights reserved. No part ofthis work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, ar transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, phOlocopying, microfilming, recording, ar otherwise, without the wrinen pennission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed an a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND ECONOMICS
by Robert Willis and
Brad A. Finney Department of Environmental Resourees Engineering Humboldt State University A rea ta, California
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
For Margaret Mary and Michael, Jeff, Scott, Meera and Zack R.W. For my children; while I gave them life, they have given it back many times over. B. A. F.
Contents 1. Introduction to Environmental Systems Engineering 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 1.2 Systems Engineering ............................................ 4 1.3 Mathematical Models ............................................ 6 1.4 The Systems Engineering Problem .............................. 9 1.5 Systems Engineering Problems ................................ 11 1.6 The Model Building Process ................................... 13 1. 7 Simulation Modeling ........................................... 17 1.8 Optimization Modeling ......................................... 18 References .......................................................... 33 Problems ............................................................ 34 2. An Introduction to Optimization Theory 2.1 Introduction .................................................... 2.2 Classification of Optimization Models ......................... 2.3 Geometry of the Mathematical Optimization Problem ........ 2.4 Nonlinear Optimization and Types of Maxima ................ 2.5 Convex Sets and Functions .................................... 2.6 Weierstrass Theorems ......................................... 2.7 The Local-Global Theorem ..................................... 2.8 The Kuhn-Tucker Conditions .................................. 2.9 The Kuhn-Tucker Theorem .................................... 2.10 Interpretation of the Lagrange Multipliers ................... 2.11 The Saddle Point Problem ........................
