Epidural Technique In Obstetric Anesthesia
This book represents a unique and substantial guide, and will bring anesthesiologists up-to-date on advances in the neuraxial technique and its applications in obstetrics. Today the epidural block is almost exclusively of interest to obstetric anesthesiol
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Epidural Technique In Obstetric Anesthesia
Giorgio Capogna
Epidural Technique In Obstetric Anesthesia
Giorgio Capogna European School of Obstetric Anesthesia Rome Italy
ISBN 978-3-030-45331-2 ISBN 978-3-030-45332-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45332-9 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
To Rita and Emanuele
Preface
èpi- [from the Greek. ἐπί “above, in, more”] pèri- [from the Greek. περί, περι- “around”] èxtra- [from the Latin. extra “outside”]
The terms “epidural,” “peridural,” and “extradural” are basically synonyms. To be anatomically precise, peridural should be the most correct term, because it implies that the space is around the dura and therefore it envelops the entire dural sac, while epidural refers to a space that is upon or on the dural sac. Peridural is most used in countries whose language comes from Latin, extradural is the term currently used in British English-speaking countries, and epidural is currently used in Standard English-speaking countries. The term “space” is used to indicate the region lying between the dura and the bony walls of the spinal canal. However, the term space is not completely exact, because it is not an empty space, but a place that is filled mainly with fat and with other anatomical structures, and therefore should be called “region” rather than “space.” As we will discuss in the chapter devoted to the anatomy, the most recent anatomical findings support the idea that the epidural region is in part real and in part virtual. In this text, I will use the most commonly used term: epidural space. Epidural block is a form of peripheral nerve block accomplished by introducin
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