Epoxidized soybean oil toughened recycled blends: a new method for the toughening of recycled polymers employing renewab
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Epoxidized soybean oil toughened recycled blends: a new method for the toughening of recycled polymers employing renewable resources Sunil S. Suresh1 · Smita Mohanty1 · Sanjay K. Nayak1 Received: 3 July 2019 / Revised: 19 December 2019 / Accepted: 21 December 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The enhancements in the properties of the recycled blends are concerned as the major highlight in the field of polymer recycling and technology. The materials containing polar functional groups are generally employed for enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of the recycled blends. In this study, epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO), a bio-derived material, was considered as the toughening agent for the modification of the recycled blends made of poly(vinyl chloride) and poly(methyl methacrylate). A series of concentrations (3–12 wt%) of ESBO have been incorporated into the recycled blend matrix via the melt blending method. Further, the formulated recycled blends were analysed for their mechanical, rheological, thermal, flammability and morphological characteristics. Among them, the modified blend with 9% ESBO has been indicated a significant improvement in the fracture toughness parameters. The scanning electron micrographs are clearly indicating the changes in the microstructural properties of the recycled blend after the integration of ESBO. Moreover, dynamic mechanical analysis indicated changes in the glass transition values which resulted from the improved interfacial adhesions and compatibility of the recycled blend matrix. Keywords Epoxidized soybean oil · Compatibility · Recycled blend · Toughening
Introduction The polymer blends developed from the recycled materials are getting attention over the past years due to its cost-effectiveness in production and the cheap availability of the materials. However, the major drawbacks of such formulated * Sunil S. Suresh [email protected] 1
Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology (CIPET), B‑25, CNI Complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
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recycled blends include incompatibility of the polymers employed, degradation of the polymeric phase while reprocessing and low mechanical properties [1–3]. However, the low toughness of the recycled polymer blends is the barrier for further industrial applications. Thus, researchers are investigating various technologies for improving the toughness of the developed recycled material without affecting their existing properties. The earlier studies are indicating that the elastomers are suitable candidates for the enhancement of the toughening properties of various polymeric blends [4, 5]. However, in order to achieve better toughening properties and compatibility, elastomers should be modified with other chemicals to introduce polar functionality in its chemical structure [6–9]. Consequently, some researchers have initiated bio-derived materials such a
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