Ergonomic Assessment of Assembly Tasks in a Mexican Automotive Industry
According to the Mexican National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), the automotive industry contributes with the 25 % of the Gross Domestic Product of the State of Puebla. In this matter, Puebla has 160 companies and employs 56,000 workers. T
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stract According to the Mexican National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), the automotive industry contributes with the 25 % of the Gross Domestic Product of the State of Puebla. In this matter, Puebla has 160 companies and employs 56,000 workers. The lower back pain represents the first cause of absenteeism in work places at Mexico. This situation is generated by materials handling or load lifting. The research was made in the assembly of a component of the vehicle powertrain in a Mexican metallurgical factory. Two assemblies were assessed with ergonomics tools in order to identify overload lifting and repetitive movements’ risks. In addition, Methods Time Measurement techniques were considered to calculate the cycle time in the work stations studied and its relationship with ergonomics. The improvements resulted in a production increase of 6.89 % and 45 shifts less. Keywords Ergonomics
Ergonomic assessment Productivity
1 Introduction According to the Mexican National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), the automotive industry contribute with the 25 % of the Gross Domestic Product of the State of Puebla and it represents the second sector with more value of Mexico with an annual production of 115,324.7 million of pesos. In this matter, Puebla has L. Cuautle-Gutiérrez J. Juárez-Peñuela L.A. Uribe-Pacheco (&) Decanatura de Ingenierías, Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial Y Automotriz, Universidad Popular Autónoma Del Estado de Puebla, Calle 21 Sur 1103, 72410 Santiago, Puebla, Mexico e-mail: [email protected] L. Cuautle-Gutiérrez e-mail: [email protected] J. Juárez-Peñuela e-mail: [email protected] © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 P. Arezes (ed.), Advances in Safety Management and Human Factors, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 491, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-41929-9_44
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160 companies and employs 56,000 workers. The main vehicle producers are the German brands: Volkswagen de Mexico and AUDI and among the principal suppliers are companies such as Kiekert, LuK, Plastic Omnium, Brose, Allgaier, and ThyssenKrupp. The lower back pain represents the first cause of absenteeism in work places in Mexico. This situation is generated by Manual Material Handling (MMH) or load lifting. Nowadays, there are not laws or regulations that force companies to include ergonomics in the design of their tasks. Besides, Mexican companies do not have enough occupational health and ergonomic committees to coordinate actions to prevent, reduce and control risk factors, or if they have it, their scopes and results are too limited.
2 Research in a Mexican Automotive Industry The research was made in the assembly of a component of the vehicle powertrain in a Mexican metallurgical factory during eight weeks. First we considered a sub assembly (trolley) and the final product, the level actuator. Both processes were assessed with ergonomics tools in order to identify overload lifting and repetitive movement’s risks. One of the main obj
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