Estimates of Cost of Crime History, Methodologies, and Implications

The mental suffering and agony, the ruined lives, the broken homes and hearts, the desolation and yearning and despair – who can measure the cost of crime? Eugene Smith, 1901 The anxiety people feel towards another people – the fear of crime – lies at the

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Jacek Czaba´nski

Estimates of Cost of Crime History, Methodologies, and Implications

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Jacek Czaba´nski Instytut Wymiaru Sprawiedliwo´sci ul. Krakowskie Przedmie´scie 25 00-071 Warszawa, Poland [email protected]

ISBN 978-3-540-69803-6

e-ISBN 978-3-540-69805-0

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008930085 c 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg  This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMX Design, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com

For Kasia, Marta, and Olga

Acknowledgments

This book is a revised version of a Ph.D. dissertation I defended in March 2008 at the Centre for the Comparative Analysis of Law and Economics, Economics of Law, Economics of Institutions of the University of Turin, Italy. I thank all faculty of the Centre for their excellent teaching, and very useful comments they provided. Many people have contributed to the development of this book. The first was Prof. Mark Cohen, University of Vanderbilt, whose lecture at a conference in Warsaw, Poland in 2002 opened my eyes to the emerging field of costs of crime estimates. His comments and warm words have helped me a lot in my work. Prof. Andrzej Siemaszko, Director of the Institute of Justice in Warsaw, has provided me with a lot of valuable criminological insights, and has delivered many valuable comments on earlier drafts. Prof. Stephen Garvey, Cornell Law School, has supervised the development of my dissertation and continuously been making attempts to improve the logic, clarity, and comprehensiveness of the thesis. It is needless to say that all remaining imperfections are, of course, mine alone. I also thank all faculties at Cornell Law School for making my research period in Ithaca, NY so fruitful. I additionally appreciate the generous support of Compagnia di San Paolo, without which my research would have not been possible.

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Contents

List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi 1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

2

What Are Costs of Crime? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2