Estimation of antenna phase center offsets for BeiDou IGSO and MEO satellites
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Estimation of antenna phase center offsets for BeiDou IGSO and MEO satellites Fengyu Xia1 · Shirong Ye1 · Dezhong Chen1 · Jing Wu2 · Chen Wang1,3 · Weichao Sun4 Received: 28 November 2019 / Accepted: 20 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Based on a global GNSS tracking network, the B1I/B3I ionospheric-free phase center offsets (PCOs) are estimated for BeiDou Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO) and Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites. Peak-to-peak variations of up to several decimeters or even meters that depend on the solar radiation pressure (SRP) model and the sun elevation angle above the orbital plane (β angle) are found in the daily x-offset estimates. Different SRP modeling has a negligible effect on the y-offset estimation, but the scatter of y-offset estimates depends on the β angle. The z-offset estimates do neither exhibit a dependence on the SRP model nor the β angle, but they have a larger scatter than x-offset and y-offset estimates. By comparing the performance of different SRP models in the estimation of BeiDou PCOs, the SRP models suitable for the estimation of BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 PCOs are determined to solve final PCOs. The BeiDou satellite PCO estimates are compared with the model values currently used within the International GNSS Service, the manufacturer values published by the Test and Assessment Research Center of China Satellite Navigation Office, and a set of BeiDou-3 MEO PCO estimates previously reported by the Chang’an University. Finally, it is demonstrated that the orbit quality of BeiDou IGSO/ MEOs and the accuracy of station coordinates obtained from BeiDou-only precise point positioning benefit from the newly estimated BeiDou PCO model. Keywords B1I/B3I ionospheric-free phase center offsets · Solar radiation pressure · BeiDou-2 · BeiDou-3 · BeiDou-only precise point positioning
Introduction China’s second-generation BeiDou (BeiDou-2) navigation satellite system originally consisted of 14 launched satellites, including five Geostationary Orbit (GEO), five Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO), and four Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites (CSNO 2018a). It has provided * Shirong Ye [email protected] * Dezhong Chen [email protected] 1
GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
2
Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, 1500 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
3
College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shanxi, China
4
Dalian Academy of Reconnaissance and Mapping Co., Dalian 116000, China
positioning, navigation, and timing services over the Asia–Pacific area since December 27, 2012. Several replacement satellites were launched in 2016 and 2018, providing a current constellation of six GEOs, seven IGSOs, and three MEOs. All BeiDou-2 satellites were manufactured by the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) and broadcast three frequency signals, namely B1I at 1561.098 MHz, B2I at 1207.14 MHz, and B3I at 1268.52 MHz.
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