Estimation of Geomorphological Parameters of Lower Zab River-Basin by Using GIS-Based Remotely Sensed Image
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Estimation of Geomorphological Parameters of Lower Zab River-Basin by Using GIS-Based Remotely Sensed Image Y. Saeedrashed & A. Guven
Received: 24 September 2012 / Accepted: 12 October 2012 / Published online: 19 October 2012 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2012
Abstract The Lower Zab watershed is one of the most important catchment areas in the northern region of Iraq, as it includes large dam which is called Dukan Dam. Besides this, there are four other catchment areas, which are the Greater Zab (Upper Zab), Diyala, Khabur, and Uzem. During the last few decades like the other places in the world, the northern region of Iraq has been severely affected by the climatic changes, long-term drought, water shortage and some casual flood events. The former has impacted negatively on the wide range of areas in the region and continues to be a problem. However, the latter occasionally occurs during the winter season as a result of heavy rainfall and the lack of the required dams and artificial drainage. Both problems cause socio-economic damage in the region. This paper seeks to enhance water-based information in the region under study using the technique of GIS-based remotely sensed image that give us more accurate results and less time consuming to process data comparing with the GIS-based Topographic Maps (GTMs). This modern technique provides powerful and costeffective tools for managing and processing data and creating maps for water resources. This would enable hydrologists and researchers to get better access to high quality hydrologic data. Thus, an accurate gemorphological parameters for watersheds and catchments can be calculated. Accordingly, more accurate hydraulic structures can be designed for the region under study. Keywords Remote sensing . Hydrological information systems . DEM . GIS . Watershed management
1 Introduction Hydrological information system (HIS) is a combination of hydrologic data, tools, and simulation models that supports hydrologic science, education and practice (Maidment 2005). It is an effective method that can be applied for hydrologic planning and design. Geographical information system (GIS) is a computer based-technology for handling geographical data in Y. Saeedrashed : A. Guven (*) Department of Civil Engineering, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] Y. Saeedrashed e-mail: [email protected]
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Y. Saeedrashed, A. Guven
digital form. It is designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, and display diverse sets of spatial or geo-referenced data (Singh and Fiorentino 1996). Another advanced technique is Remote Sensing (RS) which is the science and technology of extracting information about an object, area, or phenomenon through the process of image analysis of data that is captured in the distance (Lillesand et al. 2008). These three techniques can integrate each other for water resources management and development. HIS has become an interesting field of science that has developed in conjunction with the rapid development o
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