Ethanol sensing characteristics of (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O 3 nanoparticles with impurity phases of BaTiO 3 and BaCO 3
- PDF / 2,700,690 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 106 Downloads / 198 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER: NANO-STRUCTURED MATERIALS (PARTICLES, FIBERS, COLLOIDS, COMPOSITES, ETC.)
Ethanol sensing characteristics of (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O3 nanoparticles with impurity phases of BaTiO3 and BaCO3 Ensi Cao 1,2 Yibiao Feng1 Zhaoqing Guo1 Huihui Wang1 Guoqing Song1 Yongjia Zhang1 Wentao Hao1 Li Sun1 Zhongquan Nie2 ●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
1234567890();,:
1234567890();,:
Received: 13 February 2020 / Accepted: 13 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract To further improve the ethanol sensing performance of LaFeO3 (LFO) nanoparticles, the co-doping of acceptor and donor at La and Fe sites at equal mole amount was designed to increase the oxygen adsorbing ability of the resultant nanoparticles. A series of (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O3 nanoparticles, with the designed mole ratios of Ba/La (Ti/Fe) as 0, 0.25, 0.33, 0.50, and 1.0, were prepared by a citric sol–gel method. XRD confirmed the main phase of orthorhombic LFO, and the impurity phases of cubic BaTiO3 (BTO) and orthorhombic BaCO3. The incorporation of Ba and Ti into the LFO lattice was verified by the increased unit cell volume of LFO upon more doping. TEM, BET, and XPS measurements indicated that the appropriate co-doping of Ba and Ti into the LFO lattice and the simultaneous existence of BTO and BaCO3 resulted in smaller grain size, larger BET surface area, and thus higher concentration of adsorbed oxygen species than those in the pristine LFO nanoparticle. Among all (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O3 sensors, the sensor based on the (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O3 nanoparticles with the designed Ba/La = 0.50 exhibited the highest gas response and sensitivity toward ethanol at the prime working temperature of 132 °C, which was ascribed to the higher surface oxygen coverage contributed by the synergistic effect of co-doping and impurity phases on the number of surface active sites and oxygen adsorbing ability. Graphical Abstract
* Ensi Cao [email protected] 1
College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
2
Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
Keywords
LaFeO3 Co-doping Impurity phases Ethanol sensing XPS ●
●
●
●
Highlights (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O3 nanoparticles were prepared by a citric sol-gel method. ● The nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, TEM, BET and XPS. ● The nanoparticles with the designed Ba/La = 0.50 exhibited the best ethanol sensing performance. ● The origin was analyzed by the reception and transduction mechanisms. ●
1 Introduction As a p-type semiconducting perovskite, LaFeO3 (LFO) has been extensively studied as ethanol sensing material due to its high stability and tunability [1–4]. In order to meet the requirement of practical application, considerable efforts have been made by researchers to further improve the sensing performance in terms of working temperature, gas response, sensitivity, selectivity, and dynamic response [5–9]. The a
Data Loading...
