Evaluating the effectiveness of bank infiltration process in new Aswan City, Egypt
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Evaluating the effectiveness of bank infiltration process in new Aswan City, Egypt Ali M. Hamdan & Mahmoud M. Sensoy & Mali S. Mansour
Received: 14 June 2012 / Accepted: 28 August 2012 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2012
Abstract Riverbank filtration (RBF) is an efficient and low-cost natural alternative technology for water supply application in which surface water contaminants are removed or degraded as the infiltrating water moves from the river to the pumping wells. In this study, a full-scale RBF site consisting of three vertical wells installed 50 m from Nile bank was investigated. The RBF systems are particularly well suited for providing better water quality than withdrawal directly from the Nile River to produce drinking water for New Aswan city. The study is carried out by taking samples over 1 year from riverbank filtrates wells, Nile River (as induced surface water), and some production wells were collected and analyzed. Physicochemical and microbiological measurements such as turbidity, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, total organic carbon, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, pH, Fe, Mn, NH3, NO2, NO3, PO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, SO4, Cl, total bacteria, and total coliform were carried out. The results of bank filtrate were compared with those of the natural groundwater and previous reported Nile water. Chemical and bacterial quality parameters of RBF are under the allowable limits for drinking water. Moreover, bank filtration is simultaneously improved the ambient groundwater and cleaned Nile water in the studied area. Result of this full-scale RBF plant showed the effectiveness of riverbank filtration as a proven treatment
A. M. Hamdan (*) Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt e-mail: [email protected] M. M. Sensoy Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt M. S. Mansour Aswan Water and Sanitation Company, Aswan, Egypt
technique in Nile Valley with a fraction of cost comparing to conventional surface treatment plants. Keywords Riverbank filtration . Physiochemical and microbiological water quality . New Aswan Region . Nile River . Egypt
Introduction The increasing worldwide contamination of freshwater systems with thousands of micropollutants is one of the key environmental problems humanity is facing, even though compounds tend to be present at low concentrations (Schwarzenbach et al. 2006). The growing need for clean drinking water has increased the interest worldwide in natural surface water treatment system such as riverbank filtration (Hiscock and Grischek 2002; Verstreaeten and Heberer 2002). Riverbank filtration (RBF) is an efficient and low-cost natural alternative technology for water supply application in which surface water contaminants are removed or degraded as the infiltrating water moves from the river to the pumping wells. The bank filtration technique takes advantage of existing geologic formations adjacent to water bodies to filter drinking water. Wells are dug in sediments n
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