Evaluation and forecast of human impacts based on land use changes using multi-temporal satellite imagery and GIS: A cas
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J. Indian Soc. Remote Sens. (December 2009) 37:659–669
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Evaluation and Forecast of Human Impacts based on Land Use Changes using Multi-Temporal Satellite Imagery and GIS: A Case study on Zanjan, Iran Mohsen Ahadnejad . Yoshihisa Maruyama . Fumio Yamazaki
Received: 10 December 2008 / Accepted: 19 August 2009
Keywords Fuzzy ARTMAP . Cellular automata . Markov chain . Landuse change detection
Abstract Land use and land cover changes due to human activities in a time sequence. Detection of such changes may help decision makers and planners to understand the factors in land use and land cover change in order to take effective and useful measures. Remote sensing and GIS techniques may be used as efficient tools to detect and assess land use change. In recent years, a considerable land use change has occurred in the greater Zanjan area. In order to understand the type and rate of changes in this area,
Landsat TM, ETM+ images captured in 1989 and 2008 have been selected for comparison.
M. Ahadnejad1 ( ) . Y. Maruyama2 . F. Yamazaki2 1 Zanjan University, Saadi Street, 7tir Street, Shahid Davoodi Alley, Sepehr Building, Uint 12, Zanjan – 4518639463, Iran 2 Institute Center of Chiba University Integrated Research Building 4th floor, 1-33, Yayoi-cyo, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba – 263 8522, Japan email : [email protected]
Introduction
The results of the present study disclose that about 35 percents of the total area changed their land use. In order to evaluate land use changes in this area, the Environmental Impact Index are established into four different categories as: Very high, High, Medium and Low impacts. The proposed index shows that the highest impact has been generated due to changing agricultural and bare lands into urban use.
The protection of global environment is one of the most critical problems and it is related to several factors, such as population increase, extinction of natural resources, environmental pollution and land use planning. Presently, unplanned changes of land
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use have become a major problem. Most of the land use changes occur without clear and logical planning, paying no attention to their environmental impacts. Floods and air pollution in large cities as well as deforestation, urban growth, soil erosion and desertification are all consequences of mismanaged planning without considering environmental impacts. Many researchers have employed satellite imagery for land use mapping as well as change detection. Sunarar (1996) has compared the results of five different techniques: band combination, subtraction, band division, principal component analysis and classification, in Ekitally, Turkey. This study revealed that the principal component analysis (PCA) shows better results comparing with classification results. Parakash and Gupta (1998) used a combined method of color composite, band subtraction, band division and supervised classification to prepare a land-use map for change detection in a coal-mining district in India. They concluded that the supervised classific
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