Evaluation of a Coagulation/Flocculation Process as the Primary Treatment of Fish Processing Industry Wastewater
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Evaluation of a Coagulation/Flocculation Process as the Primary Treatment of Fish Processing Industry Wastewater Tatiane Maria Steimbach Land & Marcia Teresinha Veit & Gilberto da Cunha Gonçalves & Soraya Moreno Palácio & Jessica Caroline Zanette Barbieri & Camila de Oliveira Cardoso Nascimento & Elias Gleyson Pantoja Campos
Received: 14 May 2020 / Accepted: 5 August 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Fish processing sector produces huge amounts of high organic load wastewater. The use of primary-stage treatments such as the coagulation/ flocculation process (C/F) reduces part of the organic load, improving subsequent stages of wastewater treatment. Aiming at a primary wastewater treatment, the present study evaluated the performance of a combined coagulation/flocculation process, using two different coagulants (natural and inorganic) with and without an auxiliary copolymer, to treat the fish processing industry wastewater analyzing to the physicochemical parameters of water quality. For this purpose, the optimal conditions of the C/F process were obtained from a Doehlert experimental design (DED), using as independent variables the concentration of coagulants (Tanfloc SH or FeCl3) and copolymer (Zetag®) and as the response variables the color and turbidity removals (%). The results show color, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand removals that range between 92 and 97% using both treatments at the FeCl3 and copolymer concentration of 48.13 mg L−1 and 2.21 mg L−1, respectively, and Tanfloc SH and T. M. S. Land : M. T. Veit : S. M. Palácio : J. C. Z. Barbieri (*) : C. de Oliveira Cardoso Nascimento : E. G. P. Campos Department of Chemical Engineering, Western Paraná State University-UNIOESTE, Rua da Faculdade 645, Jd. Santa Maria, Toledo, PR 85903-000, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] G. da Cunha Gonçalves Federal Technological University of Paraná-UTFPR, Rua Cristo Rei 19, Vila Becker, Toledo, PR 87020-900, Brazil
copolymer concentration of 144.35 mg L −1 and 1.49 mg L−1, respectively. C/F results were considered satisfactory due to the parameters’ high initial values in the raw effluent. The treated effluent presented good biodegradability, and as C/F is a primary wastewater treatment, a subsequent biological treatment is needed so that the effluent meets the discharge standards. Tanfloc SH presented a removal efficiency comparable with the FeCl3 at a primary wastewater treatment, having the advantage of a being biodegradable and nontoxic coagulant. Keywords Primary treatment . Doehlert experimental design . Natural coagulant . Copolymer . Fish processing wastewater
1 Introduction The nutrition-related health concerns contributed to the increase in the global fish production since fish is one of most important animal source of food for a healthy diet. It is rich in amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and trace metals (Barberger-Gateau et al. 2002; Tacon and Metian 2013). The global fish production peaked at about 171 million tons in 2016, with aq
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