Evaluation of impact level of blasting-induced over-break by probabilistic neural network
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Evaluation of impact level of blasting-induced over-break by probabilistic neural network Zhipeng Xu 1 & Baoping Zou 2,3,4 & Jianxiu Wang 3 & Zhanyou Luo 2 & Xiaotian Liu 3 & Lisheng Hu 5 & Changwu Liu 1 Received: 7 April 2020 / Accepted: 30 July 2020 / Published online: 10 August 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract Over-break caused by smooth blasting operation has been extensively considered the main factor affecting not only the safety of tunneling but also the cost of construction. Well-understanding of the occurrence of over-break and its impact level is virtually conductive to improve the quality control of blasting. This work aims to map the presence law of over-break under the site conditions on the basis of field testing and to develop a probabilistic neural network (PNN)-based modeling approach for estimating the impact level of over-break. The statistical analysis of measured over-breaks reveals that the probabilistic distribution of over-break distance follows the normal distribution (i.e., Gaussian distribution), at confidence level of 95%. In this work, effects of over-break distance and corresponding area are counted into the evaluation of impact level of over-break. The rating of impact level is determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and K-means clustering. Predictions of impact level conducted by the proposed PNN-based estimation method are reliable and applicable, with accuracy of 96%. Results of this investigation are expected to further enhance the understanding of over-break caused by smooth blasting and then to improve the design and operation of blasting in rock tunneling. Keywords Over-break . Probabilistic neural network (PNN) . Gaussian distribution . Smooth blasting . Tunneling
Introduction As known the over-break representing the deviation between the actual tunnel contour and designed cross-section is often of vital importance to successful implementation of smooth blasting in tunneling and other underground excavations
Responsible Editor: Zeynal Abiddin Erguler * Baoping Zou zoubp@zust.edu.cn 1
College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
2
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
3
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
4
State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
5
Shenzhen Zhongtieerju Engineering Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518054, China
(Innaurato et al. 1998; Liu and Liu 2017; Zare and Bruland 2006; Zhao et al. 2011). Over-break as the most important parameter associated with the blasting quality not only directly affects the safety of tunneling but also causes adverse impacts on excavation rate and construction cost (Costamagna et al. 2018; Liu et al. 2020; Maerz et al. 1996; McKown 1986; Verma et al. 2018). Many factors including geological conditions, properties of blast holes, a
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