Evaluation of radial peripapillary capillary density in patients with newly diagnosed iron deficiency anemia
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Evaluation of radial peripapillary capillary density in patients with newly diagnosed iron deficiency anemia Ali Mert Kocer Atakan Acar
. Hasan Kiziltoprak . Turgay Fen . Yasin Sakir Goker .
Received: 11 April 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Purpose To investigate the effects of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on radial peripapillary capillary vessel density (RPCvd) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. Methods Forty patients with IDA, and 46 healthy participants, were enrolled in this study. Optical coherence tomography angiography was used to determine RNFL thickness and RPCvd measurements. In addition, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and ferritin laboratory values were evaluated. Results Analysis of retinal regions (whole images, peripapillary, superior-hemi, inferior-hemi, inferiornasal, inferior-temporal, temporal-inferior, temporalsuperior, superior-nasal) showed that RPCvd values were significantly lower in patients with IDA compared to the control group values (p \ 0.05 for all).
However, there were no significant differences in RNFL thickness values between the IDA patient group and the control group (p [ 0.05 for all). In addition, there were significant positive correlations between RPCvd values and hematological values for Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and ferritin. Conclusion It is important to identify changes in retinal vascularity to prevent possible ocular problems in patients with IDA. Specifically, the significant positive correlations between RPCvd values and hematological values suggest that anemia treatment is important for optic nerve perfusion.
A. M. Kocer (&) Y. S. Goker A. Acar Ophthalmology Department, Ankara Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, 06240 Ankara, Turkey e-mail: [email protected]
Anemia is a disease that leads to a lowering of the blood’s oxygen-carrying capacity, and it is a significant and widespread public health problem [1, 2]. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anemia in children, women of childbearing age, and in pregnancy [3, 4]. In IDA, defined by a low concentration of hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood, hypoxia is inevitable since the vascular system cannot carry adequate oxygen throughout the body. As a consequence of hypoxia, detrimental effects have been
H. Kiziltoprak Ophthalmology Department, Bingol Woman’s Health and Children’s Hospital, Bingol, Turkey T. Fen Internal Medicine Department, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
Keywords Iron deficiency anemia Optical coherence tomography angiography Retinal nerve fiber layer Radial peripapillary capillary
Introduction
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Int Ophthalmol
reported in various systems of the body, including the eye [5]. Both neural and vasculature changes in the retinas of anemic patients have been determined in recent studies. Several studies have
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