Evaluation of the Modern Gene Pool of Long-Fiber Flax on the Main Economies and Valuable Characteristics in the Conditio
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Evaluation of the Modern Gene Pool of Long-Fiber Flax on the Main Economies and Valuable Characteristics in the Conditions of Kirov Oblast N. S. Koshcheevaa, *, G. A. Batalovab, **, I. V. Lyskovaa, and S. N. Kraevaa aFalenki
Breeding Station, Branch of the Federal Agricultural Scientific Center (FASC) of the Northeast, p. Falenki, Kirov oblast, 612500 Russia b Federal Agricultural Scientific Center of the Northeast, Kirov, 610007 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected] Received January 27, 2020; accepted February 20, 2020
Abstract—Fiber flax varieties should be well adapted to the climatic conditions of the region and resistant to lodging, diseases, and other stress factors. The results of studying the collection varieties of fiber flax of different ecological and geographical origin in the soil and climatic conditions of Kirov oblast (Falenki Breeding Station, branch of the FASC of the Northeast) are presented. The collection is represented by varieties from Russia (44%), Belarus (13%), France (9%), China (8%), Lithuania (7%), Canada (4%), Ukraine (3%), the Netherlands (3%), and other countries. The aim of the research was to evaluate the genetic sources of fiber flax according to the main economically valuable traits and to select the best ones for further breeding. The meteorological conditions during the years of research (2000–2018) differed significantly in the amount of precipitation, the sum of temperatures, and in the nature of their distribution throughout the growing season. It was possible to assess the genetic potential of collection varieties in terms of productivity and resistance to unfavorable environmental factors and to identify sources for use in breeding. The maximum straw yield was 70–182 g/m2 higher compared with the yield of the standard (the Tvertsa variety). It was obtained in 2009 from the Soglasie, Start, Stroitel, and Dashkovsky 2 (Belarus) varieties. Peresvet, Nord, Dobrynya (Pskov Research Institute of Agriculture) varieties significantly exceeded the standard in fiber content (by 4.7–10.1%). Yubileiny 87, Alexandrite, Mirazh, AR4, AR5, AR6 (ASRI of flax); TOST 3, TOST 4 (Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Peat); Dashkovsky 2, Signal, Start, Iva, Vasilek, Praleska, Yarok (Belarus); Rushnichok (Ukraine); Agatha (Netherlands); Drakkar (France); Flax of Heilonjiang no. 10; and Yuan 2003-43 (China) stood out in terms of a set of economically valuable features. Keywords: long-fiber flax, variety, yield, fiber content, strength, flexibility DOI: 10.3103/S1068367420050109
INTRODUCTION The productivity and quality of fiber flax products in the European northeast of Russia are negatively affected by extreme weather factors, such as drought and heat in July, which become more frequent in June (phase of rapid growth), significant temperature differences, uneven and intense precipitation, and soil conditions. This indicates the need for the development of adaptive breeding. It is important to obtain genotypes that combine high potential productivity
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