• PDF / 1,061,090 Bytes
• 11 Pages / 547.087 x 737.008 pts Page_size
• 69 Downloads / 246 Views

DOWNLOAD

REPORT

---

(0123456789().,-volV) (0123456789().,-volV)

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Evalution of surface activity of hydrophobic modified nanocrystalline cellulose Junliang Lu . Jinyan Lang . Ping Lan . Hongyan Yang . Jingxue Yang . Xunqian Wu . Heng Zhang

Received: 19 February 2020 / Accepted: 22 August 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020

Abstract Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) prepared via sulfuric acid hydrolysis was used as raw material. The nanocrystalline cellulose was graft-modified by long-chain fatty acids including lauric acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid in a FeSO4/H2O2 oxidation– reduction system at low temperature. Modified nanocrystalline cellulose (MNCC) was obtained through above process. Crystalline structure and microstructure of the MNCC were analyzed and characterized. To explore the surface activities of the MNCC, contact angle, surface tension, critical micelle

concentration (CMC) and hydrophile–lipophile balance (HLB) values were tested. Results showed that water contact angles of lauric acid-, palmitic acid-, and stearic acid-nanocrystalline cellulose were 79.3°, 82.5° and 84.8°, and HLB values were 15.78, 16.29 and 16.81, respectively. The CMC of the MNCC was 12.5 mg/L. The MNCC had good hydrophilic and lipophilic properties. It was a kind of non-ionic natural macromolecule surfactants and could replace traditional surfactants as emulsifiers and solubilizers.

J. Lu  J. Lang  H. Yang  J. Yang  X. Wu  H. Zhang (&) College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] P. Lan  H. Zhang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530008, People’s Republic of China H. Zhang Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China

123

Cellulose

Graphic abstract

Keywords Modified nanocrystalline cellulose  Hydrophilic and lipophilic properties  Long-chain fatty acid  Surfactant

Introduction Most of non-ionic surfactants come from increasingly scarce petroleum resources. These surfactants are difficult to biodegrade. They are usually discharged into water and soil, along with wastewater and residues. This phenomenon will influence the physical and chemical properties of soil and water, and significantly influence the whole ecosystem (Kile and Chiou 1989; Miller et al. 2017; Okpokwasili and Olisa 1991). Moreover, the surfactants could inhibit some enzymes of the human body, thereby reducing resistance to diseases (Mahjoubi et al. 2017). There is a need to manufacture new degradable surfactants through industrial production. Cellulose is an abundantly available, renewable and biodegradable resource. Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), which has high purity, high degree of polymerization, high crystallinity and high hydrophilicity, is a new material prepared from cellulose. It could be pr