Evidence-Based Resilience Intervention for Nursing Students: a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
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Evidence-Based Resilience Intervention for Nursing Students: a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial Julie J. Lanz 1 Accepted: 1 April 2020/ # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Nursing students report chronic stress, and burnout is common. One factor related to lower burnout is resilience, though little research has studied resilience interventions in nursing students. This study had two objectives: 1) to examine the effects of a pilot resilience intervention, and 2) to investigate student attitudes about the intervention. This was a randomized controlled trial that took place from January 2017 – June 2017 at a Midwest university in the United States. First-year nursing students (N = 27) were randomly assigned to the intervention (N = 14) or control (N = 13) group. The intervention group participated in a five-week resilience intervention. Both groups completed three online surveys (before, immediately after the intervention, and three months later). Using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to compare pre- and post-intervention scores, neither group reported significant changes in resilience or the burnout facet of cynicism. The burnout facets of exhaustion and professional efficacy significantly decreased in the intervention group, but not the control group. Participants reported satisfaction with the intervention, though most wanted more hands-on activities. This resilience intervention may be valuable for reducing burnout in nursing students, but interventions should first conduct a needs assessment. Keywords Resilience . Burnout . Nursing student . Randomized controlled trial
Academic, personal, and clinical stressors are common among nursing students (Cleary et al. 2012; Jimenez et al. 2010; Pryjmachuk and Richards 2007). This is important because these stressors can lead to negative outcomes like burnout and attrition (Doggrell and Schaffer 2016; Pryjmachuk et al. 2009). Resilience is essential for nursing students because they face chronic stress conditions that require them to adapt (Reyes et al. 2015). One stress management approach gaining popularity in healthcare
* Julie J. Lanz [email protected]
1
Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Copeland Hall 320B, 2507 11th Avenue, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology
is the resilience intervention (Pines et al. 2014; Potter et al. 2013). This article reports on a pilot study evaluating the efficacy of an evidence-based resilience intervention in increasing resilience and reducing burnout based on the “Pushing Through” model of nursing student resilience developed by Reyes et al. (2015).
1 Background Resilience is defined as the knowledge, skills, and abilities that enable a person to bounce back after experiencing significant stress (Connor and Davidson 2003). Generally speaking, burnout is defined as a lack of engagement with one’s job (e.g., exhaustion, cynicism, and diminished confidence in one’s performance; Schaufeli et al. 1996). Given that resilience is related to burnout in high-intensity
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