Examining the association between body trust and body mass index with quantile regression
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BRIEF REPORT
Examining the association between body trust and body mass index with quantile regression Mary E. Duffy1 · Megan L. Rogers1 · Grace A. Kennedy1 · Pamela K. Keel1 · Thomas E. Joiner1 Received: 12 June 2019 / Accepted: 28 October 2019 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Purpose Schachter’s externality theory posits a connection between the inability to eat according to internal cues and higher body mass index (BMI); however, related work has not investigated associations between body trust and the wide range of BMIs found in general samples. This study examined the association between body trust and BMI across levels of BMI to determine whether this relationship differed as a function of BMI level. Methods Participants were 534 adults (55.4% female), mean age 36 years, BMIs 15.13–67.90 (M = 27.89, SD = 7.25), recruited via MTurk. They completed self-report assessments of body trust, height, and weight. Quantile regression was utilized to estimate effects of body trust on BMI at five equidistant quantiles of BMI. Results Overall linear regression analyses indicated that body trust was significantly negatively associated with BMI. Quantile regression revealed a significant negative relationship at each quantile of BMI, and Wald tests indicated the association was significantly stronger at the 0.7 and 0.9 quantiles than at the 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 quantiles, which did not differ. Conclusions Quantile regression identified a stronger relationship between body trust and BMI at 0.7 and 0.9 quantiles than at 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 quantiles of BMI. Results align with the externality hypothesis, which suggests those at higher weights experience difficulty using internal cues to guide eating. A weaker-than-expected association between body trust and low BMI may be due to restricted range (few low-BMI participants). Replication in eating disorder samples is merited. Level of evidence Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study. Keywords Quantile regression · Body mass index · Weight · Body trust · Intuitive eating
Introduction Body trust is a facet of interoception reflecting the extent to which one perceives the body as safe and trustworthy [1]. More broadly, interoception is the ability to perceive, integrate, and respond to visceral signs relating to body states [2]. It has implications for one’s capacity to perceive the physical self, as well as to utilize information from the body to inform emotional processing and guide engagement in goal-oriented behaviors [3, 4]. Dietary restraint, obesity, and eating pathology influence individual differences in how internal sensations, including hunger and satiety, are integrated and used in relation to cognition and behavior [5]. Specifically, some individuals at higher weights report that * Mary E. Duffy [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, 1107 West Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32306‑4301, USA
their eating is unrelated to hunger and satiation cues [6]. Such individuals also exhibit reduced satiation in respon
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