Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flow Measurement Mechanism and Hydraulic Performance on Curved Flume in Rect
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CIVIL ENGINEERING
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flow Measurement Mechanism and Hydraulic Performance on Curved Flume in Rectangular Channel Bin Sun1 · Shun Zhu1 · Lei Yang1
· Quan Liu1 · Chao Zhang1 · Jin ping Zhang1
Received: 21 May 2020 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract For decreasing the head loss of flume, three curved flumes were presented based on principle of critical flow. And a serial of laboratory experiments cooperating with numerical simulations was performed based on the designed flumes, the hydraulic performances such as water depth, free-surface velocity obtained from experiments and simulations were analyzed, the comparison indicates that the maximum relative error of water depth is 4.7%, a good agreement between simulation results and experimental values was obtained. On this basis, the distribution of velocity, upstream depth, Froude number and head loss of three curved flumes were analyzed with simulated data, the results showed that the velocity increased at the contraction section, and kept increasing to a maximum at the latter part of the throat section under free flow condition, finally, decreased rapidly under submerge flow condition. With the increase in contraction ratio, the upstream depth, Froude number proposed decreased and increased trend, respectively. The head loss decreased with the increasing of contraction ratio, the maximum of head loss is 38.4% with a contraction ratio of 0.4 when the flow rate is 26.41 L/s, smaller than other flume. Further, a formula which was demonstrated a high accuracy for calculating the discharge of the curved flumes were derived based on the principle of dimensional consistency. The presented curved flume has less head loss and higher measurement accuracy, and can be applied to flat and gentle slope channels, which contributes to the sustainable development of agriculture water utilization. Keywords Curved flume · Contraction ratio · Numerical simulation · Hydraulic performance · Head loss
1 Introduction Canals with rectangular cross section play an important role in water delivery in irrigation systems, with the increasing
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Chao Zhang [email protected] Bin Sun [email protected] Shun Zhu [email protected] Lei Yang [email protected] Quan Liu [email protected] Jin ping Zhang [email protected]
1
School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
demand for the proper utilization of water resources, flow measurement devices with high accuracy and minimal head loss become a key tool in agricultural water management [1]. In order to solving these problems, several devices for measuring the open-channel discharge have been developed, such as weirs and flumes [2–5]. The principle of measuring discharge with weir-gate or a flume is simple: as the device is installed in an open-channel, the flow regime on the upstream side of the device is subcritical flow. If the flow passes though the flume with a critical depth, or a
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