Experimental and Numerical Studies of Brittle Rock-Like Samples with Internal Open Fractures and Cavities Under Uniaxial
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CIVIL ENGINEERING
Experimental and Numerical Studies of Brittle Rock‑Like Samples with Internal Open Fractures and Cavities Under Uniaxial Compression Yusong Zhao1,2 · Yongtao Gao1 · Shunchuan Wu1,3 Received: 3 March 2020 / Accepted: 12 June 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract Previous laboratory tests conducted using rock-like samples with 2D through fractures are mostly high-level simplifications of real engineering conditions. Thus, the results from these 2D analyses cannot usually be successfully applied to 3D conditions and real engineering conditions. To study the mechanical properties and failure processes of samples that could highly represent the 3D conditions in the real world, brittle rock-like samples with designed internal open-type fractured structures are prepared for this study using the volume loss method and super absorbent polymer, and following studies included the uniaxial compression tests and discrete element numerical simulations. The results from real tests and simulations proved that the shape, position, and volume of internal open-type fractured structures had an obvious influence on the physical properties and spatial distributions of shear and tensile failures of specimens. Different from the results obtained by former 2D studies, failure surfaces in this work are not parallel with the preset structures, and the main failure faces develop along the diagonal directions of the internal structure. In addition, the tensile failure distribution is controlled by the shape and position of the internal structure, and the shear failure distribution is influenced by the height of the internal structure and the positions of the tensile failure surface. The findings are helpful for explaining the failure characteristics of specimens containing 3D fractured structures. Keywords Rock-like sample · Internal fractured structure · Uniaxial compression test · Failure patterns · Super absorbent polymer Abbreviations 2D Two-dimensional 3D Three-dimensional SAP Super absorbent polymer AE Acoustic emission CT Computed tomography PFC Particle Flow Code * Yongtao Gao [email protected] * Shunchuan Wu [email protected] Yusong Zhao [email protected] 1
School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2
Department of Mining Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
3
Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
SRM Synthetic rock mass model BPM Bonded particle model (numerical model in PFC software) FJM Flat-joint model (numerical model in PFC software) FJC Flat-joint contact STL Stereolithography format of digital graph PS Peak-time uniaxial strain UCS Uniaxial compression strength TS Tensile strength EM Elastic modulus
1 Introduction Under actual engineering conditions, a rock mass is not always a continuous uniform medium because it can include many observable or invisib
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