Experimental Investigation of Combustion Behavior of Flash Pyrolysis Oil
The aim of this work is to investigate the combustion behavior of pyrolysis oils derived from wheat straw and pine wood. The technique of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was applied to study the thermal treatment of the pyrolysis oils under well-controll
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Abstract The aim of this work is to investigate the combustion behavior of pyrolysis oils derived from wheat straw and pine wood. The technique of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was applied to study the thermal treatment of the pyrolysis oils under well-controlled temperature in an oxidative (O2) and a nonoxidative (N2) environment. The thermogravimetric curves indicated that the combustion process of bio-oil was divided into three stages. It was found that the removal of water and evaporation of light volatiles occur at room temperature up to 200 C, the cracking of heavy fraction occurs at temperatures of between 200 and 500 C and, finally, the char combustion occurs at temperatures above 500 C. The thermal degradation of the both bio-oil samples showed an almost similar behavior in TGA experiment.
N. Ibrahim (&) R. M. Kasmani Gas Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum and Renewable Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia e-mail: [email protected] R. M. Kasmani e-mail: [email protected] P. A. Jensen K. Dam-Johansen Combustion and Harmful Emission Control (CHEC), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark M. K. A. Hamid Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia e-mail: [email protected] R. R. Ali Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia e-mail: [email protected]
R. Pogaku et al. (eds.), Developments in Sustainable Chemical and Bioprocess Technology, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6208-8_23, Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
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Introduction Bio-oil is produced by rapid quenching and condensation of vapors released from flash pyrolysis of biomass. It is a highly viscous liquid containing various oxygenated hydrocarbons such as acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, phenols, furans, alkenes, aromatics, and sugar. Bio-oil is also characterized by a relatively high water and oxygen content, low heating value, typically from 16 to 19 MJ/kg (wet basis), and high density and acidity. The density of the liquid bio-oil is about 1,200 kg/m3, which is much higher than that of the original biomass. In addition, low sulfur and nitrogen content in the bio-oil compared to the feedstock results in a small impact on the environment when the oil is combusted (Bridgwater and Peacoke 2004; Acikgoz and Kockar 2007). Since the 1990s, interest has developed in the use of bio-oil to substitute heavy fossil fuel oil in boilers to produce heat and electricity (Solantausta et al. 1993, 1994, 1995; Oasmaa et al. 1997, 2001; Gust 1997; Bridgwater and Peacoke 2004). Several researchers have performed combustion tests using different size of boilers (Solantausta et al. 1995), internal combustion engines (Solantausta et al. 1993, 1994, 1995), and gas turbin
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