Experimental investigation of the phenomenon of centrifuging of liquids
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60 \~g3g31
~(g~l/4~(" :KP"[~\~T:,/
4Vl
j ; P - 7rd2l• 100
where K, a, and c are constants specific to a prescribed value of P.
I.
INTRODUCTION
T H E centrifuging phenomenon is encountered in wellknown operations, such as ball milling, centrifugal casting, and certain types of heat exchangers. The theory of centrifuging of solid particles is well understood, and the same is applied successfully in many relevant situations. However, there are distinct differences between the centrifuging of solid particles and that of liquids. Therefore, the established theoretical considerations for solid centrifuging cannot be applied to the case of liquid centrifuging. It is of interest to note that despite the lack of a good theoretical understanding of liquid centrifuging, the centrifuging principle has been very successfully adopted in commercial processes, like centrifugal casting, mostly based on experimental trials confined to a particular system of interest. Recently, the author has proposed a novel technique to produce hollow axisymmetric rapidly solidified materials by combining the principles of rapid solidification with that of centrifugal casting. [1] The present work emerged as a prelude to this, with a view of gaining better insight into the intricacies of the phenomenon of centrifuging of liquids and applying the understanding gained to produce rapidly solidified metallic seamless tubes. The literature pertaining to such studies has been very scant, t2,31 on the one hand, and the reported results therein are not exhaustive, on the other. This article deals with the analysis of the carefully planned roomtemperature centrifuging experiments, covering a wide range of variables, conducted using a transparent apparatus that enabled visualization and photographic recording of the centrifuging phenomenon. S. RAMESH BABU, formerly Associate Head, Materials Science Division, Thapar Corporate R & D Centre, Patiala, India, is R & D Manager, Jindal Strips Limited, Hisar, Haryana, 125 005, India. Presented at the 35th Congress of the Indian Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Anna University, Madras, Dec. 19-22, 1990. Manuscript submitted October 11, 1991. METALLURGICALTRANSACTIONSB
II.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
The apparatus consisted of a 3-ram-thick perspex pipe of 12.6-cm length and 7.4-cm ID, with aluminum lids screwed on both sides. The lid on the closed end of the pipe had a bush configuration on the free end and was fitted onto the motor shaft. A perspex window was provided in the pouring side lid, enabling visualization throughout the cross section. An O-ring was used to ensure the apparatus to be leak proof. The perspex window was provided with a circular opening through which the long, slanting stem of a funnel could be inserted for pouring the experimental liquid. A graduated 100 mL burette filled with the experimental liquid was positioned on top of the funnel head to flow down a desired amount of liquid. A glass apparatus of 10-cm length and 5.8-cm ID fitted on both sides with wooden lids and held toge
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