Experimental Investigations of Compressed Sandwich Composite/Honeycomb Cylindrical Shells
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Experimental Investigations of Compressed Sandwich Composite/Honeycomb Cylindrical Shells A. Muc 1
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& A. Stawiarski & P. Romanowicz
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Received: 5 June 2017 / Accepted: 8 June 2017 # The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication
Abstract This article explains in some details the behaviour of thick, deep cylindrical sandwich panels subjected to compressive loads. In general, experimental results indicated that two different forms of failure have been observed – the first corresponds to the overall buckling and the second to the facesheet wrinkling. The obtained experimentally damages of shells are verified and validated with the use of the FE analysis, 2-D and 3-D both in the linear and non-linear approach. The unidirectional strain gauges were applied to detect the initiation of the overall buckling mode. Keywords Sandwich cylindrical shell . Buckling . Failure analysis . FE modelling . Experimental study
1 Introduction Innovative high performance design of load bearing components/structures/machines is always sought in not only high tech applications. These constructions should be as light as possible while having high stiffness, sufficient strength and some damage tolerance. This requires structurally efficient construction. Structural efficiency can be maximised by using the most efficient and the cheapest materials and finally optimising the structures geometry. To produce an optimum design both these factors need to be considered throughout the design process. Amongst all possible design concepts in composite structures the idea of sandwich construction has become increasingly popular because of the development of man made cellular materials as core materials. Classical sandwich (CS) structures consist of: a pair of thin stiff strong skins (faces, facings or covers), a thick, lightweight core
* A. Muc [email protected]
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Institute of Machine Design, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
Appl Compos Mater
to separate the skins and carry loads from one skin to the other and an adhesive attachment (the interface) which is capable of transmitting shear and axial loads to and from the core (Fig. 1). In the last decade a new class of sandwich structures has been developed. They are called as functionally gradient materials (FGMs) and distribute the material functions throughout the material body to achieve the maximum heat resistance and mechanical properties. Both types of structures (classical sandwiches and FGM sandwiches) are characterized in the similar manner, i.e. as structures having different properties in the thickness z direction. Proper analysis of sandwich structures demands a thorough understanding of the mechanical behaviour of both the skins and the core. The current (not solved yet) difficulty to overcome is to provide designers with proper methodologies and tools that could enable them to design improved sandwich structures based on advanced knowledge of sandwich behaviour at global and local scales. It relies on our capability to test, identify, control
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