Experimental Study on Coal Damage Subjected to Microwave Heating
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Experimental Study on Coal Damage Subjected to Microwave Heating He Li1,2,3 · Li Tian1 · Bingxiang Huang2 · Jiexin Lu1 · Shiliang Shi1,3 · Yi Lu1,3 · Fei Huang1,3 · Yong Liu1,3 · Xiangnan Zhu4 Received: 21 February 2020 / Accepted: 17 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs usually require stimulation to enhance the permeability, thereby promoting CBM production. Realized by the conversion of the electromagnetic energy into heat, microwave heating may be an effective CBM stimulation method. In this study, the effects of microwave heating on the damage of coal were investigated through scanning electron microscope and ultrasonic wave tests. The results indicate that the mineral grain in coal generally disappears after microwave heating. For low-permeable coals with highly mineralized fractures, the dissolution of mineral could potentially enhance permeability and improve stress resilience. Microwave selective heating can lead to the opening and extension of original fractures and the generation of secondary fractures, reducing P-wave and S-wave velocity of coal. The stronger the anisotropy of coal is, the greater the microwave fracturing effect becomes. In a word, microwave heating has potential for assisting coalbed methane exploitation. Keywords Microwave heating · Coal · Damage · Fracture · Ultrasonic wave
1 Introduction Coal is estimated to be the greatest endowment of fossil fuels on Earth (Kong et al. 2019a, b; Li et al. 2018, 2019e; Liu et al. 2019a; Qiu et al. 2019; Wang et al. 2019). Coalbed methane, CBM, refers to the nature of gas adsorbed in the coal (Guanhua et al. 2019a; Hongchao et al. 2019; Jingna et al. 2019; Zhao et al. 2020). The manner in which we handle CBM has been changed from eliminating its threat as a hazard to tapping its potential as a clear energy (Guanhua et al. 2019b; Ni et al. 2019; Qin et al. 2018; Zhai * Bingxiang Huang [email protected] 1
School of Resource, Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
3
Work Safety Key Lab On Prevention and Control of Gas and Roof Disasters for Southern Coal Mines, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
4
College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China
et al. 2018a, b). The sustainability and viability of CBM as an energy source has emerged in many countries (Fan et al. 2019a, b; Lu et al. 2017, 2019a, b). Great Britain has exploited CBM from abandoned coal mines for power generation. In China, CBM has ignited countless coal and gas outbursts and explosions (Yang et al. 2018, 2019a, b). Compared with conventional gas reservoirs, coal has much lower porosity and permeability (He et al. 2019; Liu et al. 2019b). Therefore, coalbeds
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