Exploration of Heat Stress-Responsive Markers in Understanding Trait Associations in Wheat
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Exploration of Heat Stress‑Responsive Markers in Understanding Trait Associations in Wheat P. B. Manjunatha1 · Nivedita Sinha1 · Hari Krishna1 · Divya Chauhan1 · Pawan Kumar2 · Ranjeet R. Kumar1 · Neelu Jain1 · P. K. Singh1 · G. P. Singh3 Received: 14 January 2020 / Revised: 29 October 2020 / Accepted: 2 November 2020 © Korean Society of Plant Biologist 2020
Abstract Heat stress (HS) is detrimental to wheat production and productivity globally. To combat HS, several genetic, molecular, and genomic approaches have been employed in the past. Analyzing the physiochemical mechanisms and the important regulatory genes involved is the key to develop HS tolerant plants. In the present work, a total of 243 novel simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers developed from stress-associated genes identified through RNA-seq were used for understanding marker–trait associations. 37 SSRs were found to be clearly polymorphic and among these, 28 SSR loci were significantly associated with component traits of HS tolerance. The polymorphic SSRs were validated for diversity analysis on a subset of 85 genotypes. The genotypes were grouped into four clusters representing diverse and similar alleles imparting HS tolerance in Indian and exotic genotypes. Additionally, 28 genes selected for the expression analysis confirmed that 15 genes were induced under HS in the thermotolerant WH1021 and Raj3765 and repressed in thermosusceptible HD2009 cultivar. Hence, the information on traits associated with candidate genes and the SSR markers overlying on the gene will enhance our understanding of thermotolerance mechanism operating in wheat and will help the breeders in the precise development of heat-tolerant genotypes through marker-assisted selection (MAS). Keywords Wheat · Ssrs · Association · Gene expression · Diversity · Heat stress
Introduction Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important staple food grains on earth. After years of domestication in fertile crescent region, the present day wheat varieties evolved that are adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions ranging from high-humidity regions like South America to low-humidity regions like India, Nigeria, Egypt, and Australia (Pont et al. 2019). Wheat yields are affected by Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12374-020-09289-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Neelu Jain [email protected] 1
Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
2
Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, India
3
Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
both biotic and abiotic stresses. Among the abiotic stresses, drought and heat are the most severe stresses that affect the life cycle of the crop (Zampieri et al. 2017). These two factors progressively became important due to global climate change (Akbarian et al. 2011; Zampieri et al. 2017). The global temperature has been presumed to increase by 0.18
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