Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a mode of mechanical cardiopulmonary support that is a direct extension of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and provides temporary support for patients with cardiac and pulmonary failure. Because of the ease of in
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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Elizabeth S. Pocock, Farzad Najam, and Gurusher Panjrath
Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . History of ECMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components and Cannulation for ECMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ECMO as a Bridge to Myocardial Recovery, Decision, and Implantable Ventricular Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ECMO as a Bridge to Decision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ECMO as a Bridge to Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ECMO as a Bridge to Cardiac Transplantation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Complications of ECMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethical Considerations in ECMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
68 68 69 73 74 75 76 79 80
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Cross-Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
E. S. Pocock ยท F. Najam Department of Surgery, (Cardiothoracic Surgery), George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] G. Panjrath (*) Heart Failure Program and Mechanical Circulatory Support Program, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA Department of Medicine (Cardiology), George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA Division of Cardiology (Medicine), George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University Heart and Vascular Institute, Washington, DC, USA e-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a mode of mechanical cardiopulmonary support that is a direct extension of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and provides temporary support for patients with cardiac and pulmonary failure
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