Extraction Systems Based on N -Vinylformamide for the Extraction and Separation of Cyclic Amino Acids
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Extraction Systems Based on N-Vinylformamide for the Extraction and Separation of Cyclic Amino Acids N. Ya. Mokshinaa,*, V. M. Shkinevb, G. V. Shatalovc, O. A. Pakhomovad, and Corresponding Member of the RAS B. Ya. Spivakovb Received April 18, 2020; revised May 25, 2020; accepted June 10, 2020
Abstract—For efficient extraction of cyclic amino acids, it has been proposed to use polymers based on N-vinylformamide. The extraction of phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine, and proline in two-phase systems based on poly-N-vinylformamide and N-vinylformamide–N-vinylimidazole copolymer has been studied for the first time. Systems with the maximum recovery rate of individual amino acids have been found. The mechanism of intermolecular interactions in polymer–amino acid systems has been proposed. The results of extraction of a phenylalanine–tyrosine mixture by a N-vinylformamide–N-vinylimidazole copolymer are reported. An electrophoretic method for determining amino acids in extracts is proposed. Keywords: amino acids, extraction, water-soluble polymers, electrophoretic determination DOI: 10.1134/S0012500820080029
Cyclic amino acids play an important role in the life of humans and animals; therefore, it is necessary to control their quantitative content in the environment, food, pharmaceuticals, and other products used in medicine. For their preconcentration at a low content in the samples of analysis, systems based on water-soluble polymers are often used, for example, poly-N-pyrrolidones [1] and poly(ethylene glycols) [2]. Recently, to increase the efficiency of such systems, ionic liquids have been introduced into them [3–5]. However, this makes the separation and purification of amino acids more complicated and expensive. An alternative for these systems can be new watersoluble and nontoxic homo- and copolymers of Nvinylamides, and, first of all, such as poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone, poly-N-vinylcaprolactam, and some others, which are of considerable interest due to the possibility of their application in medicine, biotechnology, and in extraction processes [6–8]. Among these polymers, products of polymerization of the simplest representative of N-vinylamides, N-vinylformamide (VF), some a Zhukovsky
and Gagarin Air Force Academy, Voronezh, 394063 Russia b Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia c Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394018 Russia d Bunin Yelets State University, Yelets, 399770 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
of which exhibit immunostimulating effects, are less studied as extractants. The fact that the macrochain of such polymers contains VF units capable of hydrolysis to form NH2 groups allows one to obtain monodisperse submicron particles with a multifunctional surface. As a result, it becomes possible to increase the efficiency of interaction of macromolecules with substances [8]. The available data on the properties of VF polymers point to the possibility of their use to create highly efficient systems for the extraction of biolog
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