Fabrication of rigid polyimide foams via thermal foaming of nadimide-end-capped polyester-amine precursor
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Fabrication of rigid polyimide foams via thermal foaming of nadimide‑end‑capped polyester‑amine precursor Jianwei Li1 · Ni Yu2 · Zhanxin Jing3 · Xinhai He1 · Xuetao Shi2 · Guangcheng Zhang2 Received: 3 July 2019 / Revised: 30 October 2019 / Accepted: 2 December 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract This work provides a method for fabricating rigid polyimide foams via thermal foaming method of nadimide-end-capped polyester-amine oligomer (NPEAO) precursor particles, which were synthesized by reaction of benzophenone-3,3′,4,4′tetracarboxylic dianhydride and cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (NA) with different diamines. The foaming mechanism of the rigid PI foams was systematically investigated. The experiment demonstrates that the pre-treatment of the NPEAO precursor particles and foaming temperature are two pivotal factors that determine the foaming processes. The densities of the prepared rigid PI foams are mainly in the range of 40–200 kg m−3. Moreover, the density and morphology of the PI foams can be effectively controlled by adjusting these two factors. Besides, the obtained rigid PI foams present excellent mechanical and thermal properties, specifically, the flexural and compressive strength reaches as high as to 1.42 MPa and 0.47 MPa, respectively, with the density of 0.076 g cm−3, which are superior to common PI foams and aerogels that of reported in the literature. Therefore, these superior mechanical and thermal properties make obtained rigid PI foams promising candidates as structural materials in the advanced manufacturing industry. Keywords Polyimide foam · Cross-linked · Thermal foaming · Density · Mechanical property
* Zhanxin Jing [email protected] * Guangcheng Zhang [email protected] 1
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
2
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
3
College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Polymer Bulletin
Introduction Polyimide (PI) foams combine the advantages of porous and polyimide materials, present the properties of light weight, thermal insulation, acoustic absorbing and superior chemical stability [1, 2]. These characteristics make PI foams as promising structural materials in the aerospace and aviation industries. Furthermore, the flexible isocyanate-based PI foams have been abundantly utilized as the environmental control materials in the cabin interior trim of airplanes. In recent years, with the rapid development of aerospace and aviation industry, rigid PI foams with high mechanical strength are urgently needed to be used as structural composite materials. Moreover, the performances of low water absorption, high-temperature resistance, flame retardancy and low toxicity are also necessary. For example, as the core materials of the radar, the rigi
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