Failure Analysis of Timing Device Piston and Supply Pump Vanes in Fuel Injection System for Transport Utility Vehicles
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TECHNICAL ARTICLE—PEER-REVIEWED
Failure Analysis of Timing Device Piston and Supply Pump Vanes in Fuel Injection System for Transport Utility Vehicles Vikas Deulgaonkar . Ketan Joshi . Prasad Jawale . Sakshi Bhutada . Sherly Fernandes
Submitted: 31 July 2020 / in revised form: 9 October 2020 / Accepted: 9 October 2020 Ó ASM International 2020
Abstract The present work deals with the failure analysis of timing device piston and vanes in supply pump of a fuel pump system used in transport utility vehicles. Investigations for evaluating the failure of timing device piston and supply pump in transport utility vehicles are carried out. Failure data of eighty fuel injection pumps used for diesel engines are collected and analysed in the present work. The fuel injection pumps considered in present work are distributer type. Cracks are observed on the surface of failed timing device piston, and this crack occurrence is accounted to insufficient fuel supply that leads to dry running and elevates the friction. The presence of fuel impurities also contributes to the failure of timing device piston. Elevated friction between vane and rotor (i.e. vane housing) has been identified as the root cause of vane and subsequently supply pump failure. Effects of vane failures are incomplete fuel combustion due to reduced pressure and efficiency of the engine. Reasons for the vane failure are dry running of pump, and rusts on the surface due water presence are identified. The failure effects of timing device piston and vanes of supply pump are discussed. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy of the failed components have been carried out. Remedial actions to avoid the failure of timing device piston and vanes of supply pump have been suggested in the present work. Keywords Supply pump Fuel pump Timing device piston Black smoke and white smoke
V. Deulgaonkar (&) K. Joshi P. Jawale S. Bhutada S. Fernandes Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marathwada Mitra Mandal’s College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction The popularity of high-speed diesel engines in the transport utility vehicles would have been impossible without fuel injection pumps. The transport utility vehicle, i.e. bus, falls into different categories, viz. single deck, double deck, transit bus, tour bus, school bus, mini, midi buses, etc. and is significantly used for public transportation. Transport utility vehicle considered in the present work has a capacity of carrying 45 passengers (additional driver and co-driver) and is intended for intercity travel roughly around average of 650 km daily. Due to high level of precision of the distributor pump, it is possible to precisely dosate the injection quantities to the engine. The distributor fuel injection pump is driven by the diesel engine through a special drive unit that is running at exactly half the engine crankshaft speed through a suitable gearing train. The typical distributer fuel injection contains high-pressure pump wi
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