Fate of Hematopoiesis During Aging. What Do We Really Know, and What are its Implications?
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Fate of Hematopoiesis During Aging. What Do We Really Know, and What are its Implications? Hal E. Broxmeyer 1 & Yan Liu 2 & Reuben Kapur 2 & Christie M. Orschell 3 & Arafat Aljoufi 1 & James P. Ropa 1 & Thao Trinh 1 & Sarah Burns 2 & Maegan L. Capitano 1 Accepted: 19 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract There is an ongoing shift in demographics such that older persons will outnumber young persons in the coming years, and with it age-associated tissue attrition and increased diseases and disorders. There has been increased information on the association of the aging process with dysregulation of hematopoietic stem (HSC) and progenitor (HPC) cells, and hematopoiesis. This review provides an extensive up-to date summary on the literature of aged hematopoiesis and HSCs placed in context of potential artifacts of the collection and processing procedure, that may not be totally representative of the status of HSCs in their in vivo bone marrow microenvironment, and what the implications of this are for understanding aged hematopoiesis. This review covers a number of interactive areas, many of which have not been adequately explored. There are still many unknowns and mechanistic insights to be elucidated to better understand effects of aging on the hematopoietic system, efforts that will take multidisciplinary approaches, and that could lead to means to ameliorate at least some of the dysregulation of HSCs and HPCs associated with the aging process. Keywords Hematopoiesis . Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells . Aging . Cytokines/Chemokines . Microenvironment . Oxygen . Inflammation . Microbiome . CHIP
Aging is an inevitable process if one lives long enough. There is an ongoing shift in demographics such that older persons will out number young persons in the coming years, and with it age-associated tissue attrition and increased diseases and disorders. There has been an increased influx in literature on the association of the aging process with dysregulation of hematopoietic stem (HSC) and progenitor (HPC) cells, and hematopoiesis. Most such hematopoietic aging studies have been carried out in mice, where it has been reported that the aging process (in this case mice in the range of 2 years old) * Hal E. Broxmeyer [email protected] * Maegan L. Capitano [email protected] 1
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 West Walnut Street, R2-302, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5181, USA
2
Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
3
Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
compared to that of younger mice is associated with increased absolute numbers of phenotypically defined HSCs identified by cell surface antigens in the bone marrow (BM). Yet, the functional capacities of these increased numbers of HSCs are grossly deficient in their engrafting capability in competitive and non-competitive HSC transplants in lethally irradiated mice. More
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