Fatigue damage of ball bearing steel: Influence of phases dispersed in the martensitic matrix
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FOR the last six years, we have been studying, in our laboratory, the cyclic properties of bearing steel. Previous works had shown that nonmetallic inclusions have a marked effect on fatigue properties and that structural changes may occur around them. However, we chose to discuss the relationship between inclusions and fatigue life by simple fatigue tests, when any surface or lubrication effect is excluded. With respect to the effect of nonmetallic inclusions on the rolling fatigue life, it is known that oxide inclusions have the most deleterious effect but it seems also necessary to take into account the shape and dimension of inclusions. In this report, we shall deal with the nucleation of the very first cracks from several inclusions or carbides of three classes of ball bearing steel.
Table I. Analysis of the Major Elements of Steel C
Cr
Mo
V
1.01 1.01 1.01 0.80 0.80 0.81 1.06
1.45 1.45 1.57 3.91 3.97 4.17 16.64
0.02 0.02 0.02 4.10 4.10 4.40 0.45
---0.98 0.97 1.05 --
Steel
BEA 52100 ESR 52100 Sulfurized 52100 BEA M50 ESR M50 VM M50 BEA 440 C
S 0.005 0.002 0.094 0.005
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