Fatty acid composition and antioxidant effect of coconut oil in Drosophila melanogaster
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Fatty acid composition and antioxidant effect of coconut oil in Drosophila melanogaster Oluwatoyin Veronica Odubanjo 1 & Ayo Emmanuel Oluwarotimi 1 Henry Oluwatosin Akingbola 1 & Precious Taye Olabisi 1
&
Comfort Oluwatosin Ayeni 1 &
Received: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 9 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Coconut oil (CO) has gained interest in western medicine due to its promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease as well as combating oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration. Using a wet extraction process, CO was extracted from fresh coconut milk. Flies were raised on CO-supplemented diet for 5 days, and the locomotor performance and survival rate were examined afterwards. The antioxidant activity of CO extract was investigated in vitro; in vivo using Drosophila melanogaster and the CO fatty acid (FA) composition quantified using gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS). The survival rate and locomotor performance of the D. melanogaster reduced significantly at higher concentration of CO (1%)-supplemented diet. CO exhibits significant antioxidant ability by scavenging DPPH and ABTS radicals in a dosedependent manner. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was also significantly reduced in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Likewise, groups II and III fed with supplemented 0.1% and 1% CO reduce MDA level significantly (p < 0.05) in AlCl3-induced flies. GC-MS quantification revealed eight FAs with myristoleic acid (C14:0) as the most abundant, followed by stearic acid (C18:0). The major fatty acids established in this study are not retained as fat in the body but used to generate energy. These observed results prove the antioxidant ability of phytochemicals in CO. In conclusion, coconut oil is a good source of phenolic compounds and healthy FA that confers its therapeutic use. Keywords Antioxidant . Fatty acids . Drosophila melanogaster . Coconut oil . Neurodegeneration
Introduction Coconut (Cocos nucifera) is a perennial and flowering plant (Fig. 1) of the family Arecaceae. It is known for its comestible and medicinal properties (DebMandal and Mandal 2011).
* Ayo Emmanuel Oluwarotimi [email protected] Oluwatoyin Veronica Odubanjo [email protected] Comfort Oluwatosin Ayeni [email protected] Henry Oluwatosin Akingbola [email protected] Precious Taye Olabisi [email protected] 1
Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, P.M.B 01, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
Cocos nucifera has a variety of uses and is categorized as a functional food because it provides many health benefits beyond its nutritional content (Anosike and Obidoa 2010). Coconut oil (CO) is one of the most important components of coconut associated with health. It is nutritious and obtained from freshly mature kernel milk (Kumalaningsih and Padaga 2012). CO is raw, chemically unprocessed, and is proposed to be safe for human consumption (Gopala et al. 2010). The CO extracted using a wet extracti
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