Fault-tolerant quantum error correction code preparation in UBQC
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Fault-tolerant quantum error correction code preparation in UBQC Qiang Zhao1 · Qiong Li1 Minghui Li2
· Haokun Mao1 · Xuan Wen1 · Qi Han1 ·
Received: 27 June 2019 / Accepted: 19 June 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The universal blind quantum computation (UBQC) is a scheme to allow a client to delegate a computation to a remote server while concealing the input, output and algorithm. However, the qubit errors are inevitable in the practical application. In this paper, a fault-tolerant quantum error correction code preparation protocol with weak coherent pulses is proposed for fault-tolerant UBQC. Furthermore, the -correctness and -blindness of the protocol are fully proven. The simulation results show that the required number of pulses in our protocol is much less than that of the remote blind qubit state preparation protocol with two decoy states in case of the same probability of successful preparation, and is closer to asymptotic case. Keywords Universal blind quantum computation · Weak coherent pulses · Remote blind qubit state preparation · Quantum error correction · Fault-tolerant quantum computation
1 Introduction With the rapid development of quantum technology, the quantum computation has come into the focus of quantum information science, which can quickly solve a few NP problems that are intractable for traditional computers [1–7]. Nonetheless, a practical quantum computer requires a large scalable quantum resource and sophisticated equipments, which the classical clients cannot afford. An optimal solution to solve this problem is offered by blind quantum computation protocol, which enables a general
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Qiong Li [email protected] Qiang Zhao [email protected]
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School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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School of Foreign Language, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China 0123456789().: V,-vol
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client (named Alice) with limited quantum technology to delegate a computation to the quantum server (named Bob) while concealing the algorithm information [8–12]. Among many extension protocols [13–25], the universal blind quantum computation (UBQC) proposed by Broadbent et al. [8] stands as one of the typical protocols, which only requires Alice to prepare the single photon states. In UBQC, a quantum computation includes the stages of preparation, transmission and measurement. However, the qubits of these stages are easily affected by the environment and imperfect devices, which will inevitably produce errors [8,15,16]. In order to prevent the increase and propagation of these errors, a practical blind quantum computation system requires Alice to have the ability of preparing quantum error correction codes (QECCs) for the fault-tolerant quantum computation. On the basis of UBQC, the fault-tolerant blind quantum computation with authentication has been proposed by Broadbent et al. [8]. The protocol used brickwork state to perform fault-tolerant quantum c
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