Field testing of a small-scale anaerobic digester with liquid dairy manure and other organic wastes at an urban dairy fa
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Field testing of a small‑scale anaerobic digester with liquid dairy manure and other organic wastes at an urban dairy farm Ikko Ihara1 · Kosuke Yano1 · Fetra J. Andriamanohiarisoamanana1 · Gen Yoshida1 · Taro Yuge2 · Tadao Yuge2 · Suchon Tangtaweewipat3 · Kazutaka Umetsu4 Received: 3 September 2019 / Accepted: 24 March 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Anaerobic digestion has been acknowledged as an appropriate technology to tackle climate change and support sustainable development. In general, biogas installation in developed countries involved a high investment cost due to the size and complexity of the technology, while small and simple technologies are often used in developing countries. In this study, an 8 m3 commercial portable biodigester was modified by installing a mixing device and a heating element coil wire, and fed with liquid dairy manure, dairy by-products and food wastes. The results showed that the mixing device and heating element were effective to keep biodigester temperature around 37.7 °C at an ambient temperature between − 8 and + 25 °C. Higher temperature and longer hydraulic retention time (HRT) were related to higher digestion performance, while the opposite was observed with organic loading rate (OLR). Biodigester performance was not influenced by temperature and HRT, while it was increased with the increase of OLR. The highest biogas yield was observed during the co-digestion of liquid manure with waste milk and food waste, while the highest volumetric production of biogas was observed with liquid dairy manure co-digested with camembert cheese waste and food wastes. Keywords Small-scale biodigester · Liquid dairy manure · Dairy by-products · Food wastes · Urban area
Introduction Anaerobic digestion (AD) has been acknowledged as an appropriate technology for energy sources. It is environmentally friendly and helps combat climate change. Since the first try of the AD of cattle manure by Humphry Davy in 1808 [1], the interest on the use of biogas has being increased to cope with price instability and non-sustainable characteristic of conventional fuel. Recently, many countries have implemented strategies to integrate biogas into their * Ikko Ihara [email protected]‑u.ac.jp 1
Department of Agricultural Engineering and Socio‑Economics, Kobe University, 1‑1 Rokkodai‑cho, Nada, Kobe 657‑8501, Japan
2
Yuge Farm, Kobe 651‑1243, Japan
3
Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
4
Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080‑8555, Japan
energy matrices. For example, in Japan, the introduction of electricity Feed-In Tariff program in 2009 [2, 3], along with subsidies from the government, motivated medium and large-scale livestock farms to adopt biogas technology and enabled a fast-growing installation of biodigesters all over the country. However, for small-scale livestock farms, the installation of a biodigester seemed not
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