Finite Element Analysis of Sealing Performance of Rubber D-Ring Seal in High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage Vessel
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TECHNICAL ARTICLE—PEER-REVIEWED
Finite Element Analysis of Sealing Performance of Rubber D-Ring Seal in High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage Vessel Chilou Zhou . Guohua Chen . Pengfei Liu
Submitted: 29 November 2017 / in revised form: 10 April 2018 Ó ASM International 2018
Abstract Sealing structures of high-pressure hydrogen storage vessel are always considered as one of the significant components. This paper aims to study the sealing performance of the combined sealing structure composed of a rubber D-ring and a wedge-ring used in high-pressure hydrogen storage vessel by elucidating the swelling mechanisms due to dissolved hydrogen. Comparisons of the sealing performance between the D-ring and the O-ring are made in terms of the effects of some important factors including the wedge-ring, hydrogen pressure and swelling. Three aspects of conclusions are obtained by FEA: (1) The wedge-ring with a wedge angle 45° is the most suitable, compared with the angles 30° and 60°, irrespective of the shape of rubber rings. (2) The peak contact stress for the Dring seal is larger than that for the O-ring seal under hydrogen pressure range 0–100 MPa. (3) The O-ring seal could be replaced well by the D-ring seal, whereas the design height of the seal groove should be larger for the Dring seal than for the O-ring seal due to swelling effect, in order to prevent the D-ring seal from extrusion through the upper side of the seal groove. Keywords High-pressure sealing Hydrogen storage vessel Rubber ring Swelling Finite element analysis (FEA)
C. Zhou G. Chen (&) School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] P. Liu Institute of Chemical Machinery and Process Equipment, School of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
Introduction Hydrogen is commonly considered as one of the most clean and renewable energy [1, 2]. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage has been used in a fuel cell vehicle and related hydrogen infrastructures [3–6]. To achieve safe and high-efficient use of hydrogen, sealing performance is the most significant in high-pressure storage vessel. Currently, a popular way is the rubber O-ring sealing [7, 8], but it may be susceptible to some complicated failure mechanisms, such as the shear off during installation [9], the longitudinal twisting and the spiral failure [10]. In order to overcome these disadvantages, the D-ring seal is also suggested as an alternative to the O-ring sealing, because the rectangular and flat bases of the D-ring seal improve the stability largely by preventing the spiral failure or twisting [9]. Although much research has been launched for the Oring seal, only several works focused on the D-ring seal. For example, Mose et al. [9] performed stress analysis of the D-ring seal by photoelastic experiments. Zhang et al. [11] studied the sealing performance of the rubber D-ring by FEA. However, these works are limited to low pressure of sma
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