Finite Element Simulation of Mechanical Behavior of TRIP800 Steel Under Different Loading Conditions Using an Advanced M
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I.
INTRODUCTION
LOW-ALLOYED TRIP steels are known as an important class of low alloy high-strength (HSLA) steels with a multiphase microstructure consisting of bainite and retained austenite within the ferrite matrix. Desirable combination of high strength and good ductility of TRIP steels is mainly due to the occurrence of strain-induced martensitic transformation of metastable-retained austenite.[1] Because of this suitable combination of strength and ductility, application of TRIP steels may lead to an improved crash worthiness accompanied by weight reduction in automotive industries. During the last three decades, a number of considerable attempts have been made for simulating the deformation behavior of TRIP steels on the macroscopic level.[2–8] One of the first research works with regard to this research topic has been carried out by Olson and Cohen[2] in which a physical-based model has been developed for predicting temperature-dependent strain-induced martensitic transformation in TRIP steels. The next attempts were focused on generalization of Olson and Cohen’s model through which the effect of mechanical driving force on martensitic transformation
F. HOSSEINABADI, A. REZAEE-BAZZAZ, and M. MAZINANI are with the Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted February 28, 2016. METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
was studied by Stringfellow et al.[3] The subsequent series of investigations on the basis of the model proposed by Olson and Cohen have been done by incorporating the stress state and austenite grain size effects on the transformation of martensite.[4,5] The effects of hardening behavior, composition, and morphology of the constituent phases on overall mechanical behavior of TRIP steels have been also considered using physical and numerical models.[6–8] The mechanical properties of multiphase TRIP steels are strongly dependent upon their composite-type microstructures. Therefore, estimation of these properties in microscopic level needs to be taken into account. Several micromechanics-based models have been introduced and exploited to simulate local deformation behavior of multiphase TRIP steels.[9–12] Marketz and Fischer[9] performed a micromechanical study in order to predict micro-stress and micro-strain distributions within and around the plate-shaped martensitic variants. Riesnert et al.[10] proposed a transformation criterion on the basis of thermodynamics for predicting the onset of the strain-induced martensitic transformation and/or its kinetics and suggested that the stability of austenite phase against strain-induced martensitic transformation shows marked load-type sensitivity. Taleb and Sidoroff[11] applied the micromechanical model of Green wood–Johnson mechanism for simulation of transformation-induced plasticity and improved the model’s prediction by modifying some of the presumptions. Han et al.[12] developed a microstructure-based computational model
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