Flexible Manufacturing System
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Flexible Manufacturing System Hoda ElMaraghy1 and Alessandra Caggiano2 1 Intelligent Manufacturing Systems Center, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada 2 Department of Industrial Engineering, Fraunhofer Joint Laboratory of Excellence on Advanced Production Technology (Fh-J_LEAPT Naples), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Synonyms Adaptable production manufacturing system
system;
Adjustable
Definition A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is an integrated group of processing CNC machines and material-handling equipment under computer control for the automatic processing of palletized parts. FMSs represent a compromise between the high flexibility of versatile job shops and the high production rate of a dedicated mass production system (e.g., transfer lines). It is capable of producing limited number of preplanned part families and utilizes similarities between members of a parts family based on group technology. FMSs are most suited for the mid-variety, mid-volume production range, exploiting the benefits of the
Economy of Scope while achieving the efficiencies of the Economy of Scale (ElMaraghy 2006). Moreover, flexible manufacturing is capable of responding quickly to increasing product variants and decreasing quantities per variant (ElMaraghy et al. 2013). The reason behind the attribute “flexible” is that FMSs are capable of processing an assortment of different part variants belonging to the same family simultaneously at the various workstations, and the mix of part styles and quantities of production can be adjusted in response to changing demand patterns. The ability to process many different parts within FMSs with minimum engineering effort and changeover time requires both physical and logical enablers (ElMaraghy 2006; Wiendahl et al. 2007): Hard (physical) enablers: • Programmable machines and equipment • Sensors for monitoring feedback • Modular design of machines and adaptable HW equipment Soft (logical) enablers: • Group technology – A prerequisite for FMS implementation • Adaptable process planning, setup, fixtures, and tools planning
# CIRP 2016 The International Academy for Production Engineering et al. (eds.), CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-35950-7_6554-4
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• Adaptable scheduling, flexible routing/ sequencing • Real-time control, decision-making, and fault recovery
Theory and Application Introduction The concept of flexible manufacturing system (FMS) was originally conceived in Britain in the early 1960s. The first physical flexible manufacturing system was established around 1967 in the United States (Groover 2000) in response to a new demand for wider variety and greater responsiveness to changes in products, production technology, and markets. The objective of a FMS is to realize a single system able to carry out the fabrication of several types of parts that may change over time (ElMaraghy 2007), with small conversion time, at the required volume and quality, so as to attain productivity and flexibility together. Flexible manufacturing system
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