Fluid structure interaction studies of human airways
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Sådhanå (2020)45:229 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-020-01460-9
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Fluid structure interaction studies of human airways RAKESH KUMAR SHUKLA1, VIVEK KUMAR SRIVASTAV2, AKSHOY RANJAN PAUL3,* and ANUJ JAIN3 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Krishna Engineering College, Ghaziabad, India Department of Mathematics and Computing, Motihari College of Engineering, Motihari, India 3 Department of Applied Mechanics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India e-mail: [email protected] 2
MS received 20 April 2018; revised 21 May 2019; accepted 5 November 2019 Abstract. Study of flow characteristics of human airways using Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) analysis is very important in the context of prognosis, diagnostic and treatment of respiratory diseases. The present study is focused on effect of elasticity on the respiratory wall during inhalation. Airflow in Computed Tomography (CT) scan model with rigid and compliant airway walls is studied. FSI technique is used to simulate the airflow in the model. The comparison for the two different respiratory models (rigid and compliant) shows that FSI technique brings out more realistic results as compared to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis. It is found that respiratory wall elasticity affects the different flow parameters (pressure, wall shear stress, etc.) at different location of the model. Wall shear stress (WSS) and airway pressure were decreased due to flexibility effect of the airway wall. This will help medical practitioners to correlate the clinical assessment with this FSI results. Keywords.
Human airway model; compliant wall; fluid structure interaction (FSI).
1. Introduction The airflow studies in the bifurcating respiratory are the most basic and enlightening problems. Because of the geometrical complexity of the human respiratory model, experimental studies of the internal flow dynamics is difficult. One of the challenging tasks for the numerical simulation is to get the realistic model from the CT scan. The development of computational potential with CT data makes it possible to create real model of respiratory tract for numerical/CFD simulation. A number of computational fluid dynamics studies have done the fluid flow characteristics considering rigid airway wall [1, 2]. However, very few studies have considered the airway wall elasticity in their simulation study [3]. Human respiratory tract are compliance which means ability of stretch and expand. This structural deformation occurs continuously during breathing and thereafter, dimensional changes occur during breathing. The changes in dimension can be determined by the mechanical properties of respiratory structure and composition of airway This paper is a revised and expanded version of an article presented in ‘‘First International Conference on Mechanical Engineering’’ held at ‘Jadavpur University’, Kolkata, India during January 4–6, 2018 (INCOM-2018).
*For correspondence
wall. The upper respiratory trac
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