Fog computing in health: A systematic literature review
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REVIEW PAPER
Fog computing in health: A systematic literature review Humberto Jorge de Moura Costa1 · Cristiano Andre´ da Costa1
· Rodrigo da Rosa Righi1 · Rodolfo Stoffel Antunes1
Received: 21 February 2020 / Accepted: 22 April 2020 © IUPESM and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Currently, technology greatly benefits the area of healthcare. Modern computers can quickly process a large volume of patient health records. Due to recent advances in the area of Internet of Things and healthcare, patient data can be dispersed in multiple locations. As a result, scientists have been proposing solutions based on Cloud Computing to manage healthcare data. However, suchs solutions present challenges regarding access latency, context-awareness, and large volumes of data. There is an increased probability of processing and transmission errors are more likely to occur as health data sets become larger and more complex. In this context, Fog Computing presents itself as an alternative to reduce health data management complexity, consequently increasing its reliability. To that end, it is important to comprehend the associated challenges before defining a Fog Computing-based architecture to manage healthcare data. This article presents a systematic literature review of fog computing being applied to healthcare area. We propose a taxonomy to explore the open issues and most important challenges on these fields of study. We selected 1070 scientific articles published in the last 10 years, filtering the 44 most significant works for an in-depth analysis. We found that there is several challenges to be addressed such as interoperability, privacy, security, data processing, management of resources and Big Data issues. Also, our contribution include developing a taxonomy for the Fog Computing and healthcare fields of study and finding out challenges and open questions of this area. Keywords Fog computing · Cloud computing · Internet of things · Healthcare · Taxonomy · Survey
1 Introduction With the use of a technology-based healthcare approach, there is possibly an excellent opportunity to improve the quality and efficiency of medical treatment, increasing patient well-being [1]. One of the biggest problems for governments, healthcare companies, and related professionals is the cost of healthcare [2]. Throughout the world, with increased health spending and the occurrence of many Cristiano Andr´e da Costa
[email protected] Humberto Jorge de Moura Costa [email protected] Rodrigo da Rosa Righi [email protected] Rodolfo Stoffel Antunes [email protected] 1
Software Innovation Laboratory - SOFTWARELAB, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS, Av. Unisinos, 950 93022-750 , S˜ao Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
diseases, it has become a necessity to focus on the personcentered environment, not just the hospital [3]. In many healthcare monitoring systems, cloud computing servers have been used to store and process a vast amount of data collected from sensor nodes [4]. Cloud computing is an archi
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