Force-time curve variables of countermovement jump as predictors of volleyball spike jump height
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Javad Sarvestan1
· Zdeněk Svoboda1
· João Gustavo de Oliveira Claudino2,3
1
Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology. Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic 2 School of Physical Education and Sport—Laboratory of Biomechanics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 3
Research and Development Department, LOAD CONTROL, Contagem, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Force-time curve variables of countermovement jump as predictors of volleyball spike jump height Introduction Volleyball spike performance, as one of the principal scoring elements in volleyball competitions, is directly influenced by vertical jump height (Mosier, Fry, & Lane, 2019; Sarvestan, Cheraghi, Sebyani, Shirzad, & Svoboda, 2018; Sole, Mizuguchi, Sato, Moir, & Stone, 2018). Fundamental to achieving the highest possible jump height is the capability to adopt and recruit a harmonious muscular activation of both lower and upper extremities (Serrien, Ooijen, Goossens, & Baeyens, 2016), which highlights the significance of an efficient neuromuscular system (Claudino et al., 2017). A wealth of studies have been designed to conduct in-depth investigations on athletic jump performance using various jumping strategies, including countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) (Claudino et al., 2017; Laffaye, Wagner, & Tombleson, 2014; Markovic, 2007; McMahon, Murphy, Rej, & Comfort, 2017; Mosier et al., 2019; Sarvestan, Cheraghi, Shirzad, & Svoboda, 2019a; Sole et al., 2018). Given the similarity between the nature of CMJ and most sportsrelated jumps, such as in basketball and volleyball—in which the athletes activate muscle fibres using a stretch-shortening This study was supported by the Internal Grand Agency of Palacky University Olomouc [IGA-FTK-2019-008).
cycle (SSC; Komi, 2003)—they were mainly done to monitor the efficiency of training programs and the neuromuscular status of athletes for identification of supercompensation, fatigue, or weaknesses, or to detect the return-to-play time after rehabilitation (Claudino et al., 2017; Gathercole, Sporer, Stellingwerff, & Sleivert, 2015; Laffaye et al., 2014; Markovic, 2007; McMahon et al., 2017; O’Malley et al., 2018; Sarvestan et al., 2018; Sole et al., 2018). At present, a variety of extracted derivatives from the force-time (F-T) curve, including force, power, velocity, impulse, and modified reactive strength (RSImod), have been precisely analysed during unweighted eccentric and concentric phases of CMJ performance in order to find the best contributor to jump height performance (Ebben & Petushek, 2010; Kirby, McBride, Haines, & Dayne, 2011; Laffaye et al., 2014; Marques et al., 2015; McMahon et al., 2017; Sarvestan et al., 2018; Sarvestan et al., 2019a). It has been previously found that force measures, whether absolute or relative, have no significant relationship to ultimate jump height among athletes (Claudino et al., 2017; Sarvestan et al., 2018), which might be due to several reasons, including muscular activity patterns, musculoskeletal redundancy, or movement timing.
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