Formal Approaches to Software Testing 4th International Workshop, FA

Testing often accounts for more than 50% of the required e?ort during system development.Thechallengeforresearchistoreducethesecostsbyprovidingnew methods for the speci?cation and generation of high-quality tests. Experience has shown that the use of form

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Editorial Board David Hutchison Lancaster University, UK Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Josef Kittler University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Jon M. Kleinberg Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Friedemann Mattern ETH Zurich, Switzerland John C. Mitchell Stanford University, CA, USA Moni Naor Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Oscar Nierstrasz University of Bern, Switzerland C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India Bernhard Steffen University of Dortmund, Germany Madhu Sudan Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA, USA Demetri Terzopoulos New York University, NY, USA Doug Tygar University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Moshe Y. Vardi Rice University, Houston, TX, USA Gerhard Weikum Max-Planck Institute of Computer Science, Saarbruecken, Germany

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Jens Grabowski Brian Nielsen (Eds.)

Formal Approaches to Software Testing 4th International Workshop, FATES 2004 Linz, Austria, September 21, 2004 Revised Selected Papers

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Volume Editors Jens Grabowski University of Göttingen Institute for Informatics Lotzestr. 16-18, 37083 Göttingen, Germany E-mail: [email protected] Brian Nielsen Aalborg University Department of Computer Science Fredrik Bajersvej 7B, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark E-mail: [email protected]

Library of Congress Control Number: 2005921470 CR Subject Classification (1998): D.2, D.3, F.3, K.6 ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 3-540-25109-X Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, India Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: 11400752 06/3142 543210

Preface

Testing often accounts for more than 50% of the required effort during system development. The challenge for research is to reduce these costs by providing new methods for the specification and generation of high-quality tests. Experience has shown that the use of formal methods in testing represents a very important means for improving the testing process. Formal methods allow for the analysis and interpretation of models in a rigorous and precise mathematical manner. The use of formal methods is not restricted to system models only. Test models may also be examined. Analyzing system models provides the possibility of generating complete test suites in a systematic and possibly automated manner w