Fretting Wear of Co-Cr-Mo Alloys at Elevated Temperatures
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JMEPEG https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05218-6
Fretting Wear of Co-Cr-Mo Alloys at Elevated Temperatures Xin-long Liu, Zhi-hao Li, Qian Xiao, Wen-bin Yang, and Dao-yun Chen Submitted: 22 April 2020 / Revised: 17 September 2020 / Accepted: 21 September 2020 Co-Cr-Mo alloy is an excellent wear-resistant material which is widely used in many industrial fields. Due to external vibrations, fretting wear often occurs at the interfaces of well-matched connectors and induces surface wear, resulting in an accumulation of wear debris on the contact surfaces. This leads to a damage at the interface and the deterioration of matching contact pairs. Excellent wear and corrosion resistance are essential requirements for ideal industrial materials to resist the increasingly harsh working conditions of Co-Cr-Mo alloy, such as elevated temperatures. In this study, the fretting wear resistance of a Co-Cr-Mo alloy was investigated for different test parameters (temperatures, normal loads and displacements) with friction equipment. The fretting wear degree of the alloy was slight at 25 °C, and the wear mechanism at 25 °C was mainly abrasive wear. The analyses showed that elevated temperatures accelerated oxidative adhesion wear due to the formation of an oxide layer inside the interfaces and led to severe adhesive wear. Keywords
adhesive layer, elevated temperature, fretting wear, oxidize, wear mechanism
1. Introduction Co-Cr-Mo alloy have been widely used for more than 50 years because of their excellent wear and corrosion resistance and have broad applications that range from gas turbines to medical implants (such as for artificial joints, teeth and artificial limbs) (Ref 1).Wear and corrosion are still important issues that are widely studied by scholars (Ref 2, 3). Fundamental research of the friction behavior and corrosion mechanisms is therefore critical for the reliable application of Co-Cr-Mo alloy (Ref 4). For instance, Wimmer found that loading conditions influenced friction film formation on Co-CrMo wear surfaces (Ref 5). Furthermore, many studies report that such Co-Cr-Mo alloys still suffer from fretting wear and corrosion during service when they are in extremely challenging environments (Ref 6). Many techniques to treat the surface of Co-Cr-Mo alloys are used to improve the wear resistance and have been reported in many studies (Ref 7, 8). R. Varano indicated that the addition of carbon had a significant effect on the comprehensive performance of Co-Cr-Mo alloys (Ref 9). Rodrı´guez Ripoll investigated the role of biotribocorrosion on the Co-Cr-Mo-cartilage interface with an emphasis on metal release during sliding contact (Ref 10). Gilbert found that the fretting corrosion behavior of the Co-Cr-Mo alloy was significantly affected by both the solution chemistry and potential (Ref 11). Zai (Ref 12) introduced a rational design for enhancing the wear performance of metal-polymer articulating pairs. Xin-long Liu, Zhi-hao Li, Qian Xiao, Wen-bin Yang, and Daoyun Chen, School of Mechanical and Electrical and Vehicle Engineering,
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