From signaling to function: how strigolactones regulate plant development
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om signaling to function: how strigolactones regulate plant development Baoyuan Qu 1
1,2,3
, Yuan Qin
1,2,3,4
& Yang Bai
1,2,3,4*
State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; 3 CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 4 College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China 2
Received July 28, 2020; accepted August 17, 2020; published online September 1, 2020
Citation:
Qu, B., Qin, Y., and Bai, Y. (2020). From signaling to function: how strigolactones regulate plant development. Sci China Life Sci 63, https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11427-020-1802-y
Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of plant hormones first discovered based on their ability to stimulate germination of the root parasite witchweed (Striga lutea Lour.) and regulate symbiosis between arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and their host plants. Recent studies have identified diverse functions of SLs in shoot branching, leaf development, root architecture, and the responses to environment stress (GomezRoldan et al., 2008; Umehara et al., 2008; Brewer et al., 2013). The key players in SL signaling have been well studied. In the presence of SLs, the receptor DWARF14 (D14) perceives and hydrolyzes SLs, then interacts with the F-Box protein MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2)/D3 to form an SCF complex. This SCF complex then recruits the transcriptional repressors SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2-LIKE (SMXL) 6, SMXL7, and SMXL8/D53 for ubiquitination and degradation (Jiang et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2015; Yao et al., 2016; Yao et al., 2018; Zhou et al., 2013). However, whether and how SLs regulate downstream genes remain unclear (Figure 1). In a recent report, Wang et al. (2020) revealed that SLs regulate shoot branching, leaf shape, and anthocyanin accumulation mainly by activating transcription of three transcription factors; most importantly, they discovered that SMXL6 autoregulation of SMXL6 transcription maintains *Corresponding author (email: [email protected])
strigolactone signaling homeostasis. In their report, the authors first identified a specific and 4DO highly efficient synthetic SL analogue, GR24 , which triggered strong transcriptional up-regulation of SMXL7 and BRANCHED1 (BCR1) in a manner that depends on the SL receptor D14. They then treated Arabidopsis seedlings with 4DO GR24 and analyzed global gene expression by deep sequencing of the transcriptome (RNA-seq). They found 401 4DO genes that were responsive to GR24 treatment, including many genes previously reported to be regulated by other SL analogs. However, the remaining genes (~360 or 90% of those identified here) were not previously described as responding to SL. They examined the differentially
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