Functional Connectivity Alterations in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Functional Connectivity Alterations in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Correlation with Disease Duration and Cognitive Impairment Yongliang Han1 · Yi Liu2 · Chun Zeng1 · Qi Luo1 · Hua Xiong3 · Xiaohui Zhang1 · Yongmei Li1 Received: 29 October 2018 / Accepted: 17 May 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate resting state functional connectivity alterations within the main brain networks in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and their associations with disease duration, disability and cognitive dysfunction progression. Methods Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), clinical and neuropsychological evaluations were obtained from 41 NMOSD patients and 41 healthy controls. Seed-voxel functional connectivity was analyzed in seven major hubs, including the default mode network, dorsal attention network, visual network, sensorimotor network, cerebellar network, thalamic network and reward-emotion network. Abnormalities of functional connectivity and correlations with disease duration, scores of the expanded disability status scale (EDSS), mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) were further explored. Results Compared with healthy controls, NMOSD patients showed increased functional connectivity in the default mode network, dorsal attention network and thalamic network, while decreased in the visual network and cerebellum networks. At the regional level, increased functional connectivity involved the right superior temporal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, bilateral middle frontal gyrus and right precuneus, whereas functional connectivity was decreased in the right parahippocampal gyrus and left precuneus. Functional connectivity reduction in the right parahippocampal gyrus positively correlated with disease duration (r = 0.488, p = 0.001) and negatively correlated with MoCA scores (r = –0.330, p = 0.035). Conclusion The study demonstrated functional alterations in the rs-fMRI of NMOSD, which provide a novel insight into the large-scale selective functional reorganization and could be useful to reveal the characteristics of the physiological mechanism.
Keywords Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder · Functional magnetic resonance imaging · Connectome · Neuroimaging · Cognitive impairment
The authors Yongliang Han and Yi Liu contributed equally to this work. Yongmei Li
1
[email protected]
2
Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016 Chongqing, China
Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China
3
Department of Radiology, Chongqing General Hospital, No. 104 Pipashan Street, Yuzhong District, 400016 Chongqing, China
K
Y. Han et al.
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is recognized as an autoimmune, inflammatory
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