Functional Demarcation of Traditional Off-White Colored Water Pots Manufactured from Rajasthan Clayey Soils and Red Colo
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Functional Demarcation of Traditional Off-White Colored Water Pots Manufactured from Rajasthan Clayey Soils and Red Colored Water Pots from Gujarat Clayey Soils Using Spectrographic, Cooling and Strength Studies--A Case Study from Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Amrita Kaurwar 1, Raj Satankar 1, Sandeep Gupta 1, Usha. K. Aravind2, Kuldeep Kothari3, Alfred Soboyejo4 and Anand Plappally1 1
Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India 3 Rupayan Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India 4 The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States. 2
ABSTRACT Off-white water pots have had sustained traditional acceptance for a long period of time in Jodhpur compared to red colored water pots imported from the neighboring Gujarat state. Both types of pots hold 20 liters of potable water. The fluorescence spectroscopy reveals dominance of silica, alumina and iron oxide in red pots from Gujarat whereas off-white pots from Rajasthan also have a slight excess of CaO and MgO. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals a firing temperature of 800 o C for off-white pots, which is comparatively less than that for red pots. A lower amount of Fe2O3 and higher MgO in off-white compared to red water pots is responsible for the color differentiation. Off-white pots show a better degree of cooling compared to red pots. Better resistance to load was observed in off-white pots compared to red pots. This study may imply influence of hidden techno-functional aspects towards sustainability of off-white pots in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. INTRODUCTION The porous off-white color water pots from Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India are very effective in their function of cooling water [1]. The evaporative cooling of water is an age old technology [1, 2]. Sensible heat helps moisture oozing out of porous water pots to evaporate [2]. This means latent heat is gained by the oozed water molecules [2]. The porous nature of the water pots helps provide enough quantitative water transport to sustain evaporation on the outside wall of the water pot [2]. This removal of latent heat from the outside surface of the water pot creates an effective thermal imbalance between the water inside the pot and the external surface of the pot [2]. The age of use of the pot is a function of the rate of oozing or permeation of water through the porous structure [1]. Red color water pots from the neighboring state of Gujarat, India are also sold in Jodhpur [3]. People of Jodhpur prefer the local off-white pots over red pots [4]. This popularity is supposed to be based on traditional cultural influences or medicinal value rather than technical functionality of the water pots [1, 4, 5]. This discussion is encouraged by the recent and first ever ethnographic study of off-white water pots by Prof. Valentine Roux [1]. Refrigerating water using earthen jars is both energy saving and economical compared to electric refrigerators [3, 6, 7]. The energy aspect is hence been brought into context with technological functionality and its cultura
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