Functional Performances of CuZnAl Shape Memory Alloy Open-Cell Foams
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JMEPEG (2018) 27:1706–1713 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3152-x
Functional Performances of CuZnAl Shape Memory Alloy Open-Cell Foams C.A. Biffi, R. Casati, P. Bassani, and A. Tuissi (Submitted October 17, 2016; in revised form August 24, 2017; published online January 24, 2018) Shape memory alloys (SMAs) with cellular structure offer a unique mixture of thermo-physical–mechanical properties. These characteristics can be tuned by changing the pore size and make the shape memory metallic foams very attractive for developing new devices for structural and functional applications. In this work, CuZnAl SMA foams were produced through the liquid infiltration of space holder method. In comparison, a conventional CuZn brass alloy was foamed trough the same method. Functional performances were studied on both bulk and foamed SMA specimens. Calorimetric response shows similar martensitic transformation (MT) below 0 °C. Compressive response of CuZnAl revealed that mechanical behavior is strongly affected by sample morphology and that damping capacity of metallic foam is increased above the MT temperatures. The shape memory effect was detected in the CuZnAl foams. The conventional brass shows a compressive response similar to that of the martensitic CuZnAl, in which plastic deformation accumulation occurs up to the cellular structure densification after few thermal cycles. Keywords
advanced characterization, non-ferrous metals, thermal analysis
1. Introduction Cellular metals and metallic foams are metals with high volume pores integrated in their structure (Ref 1). They can offer a unique mix of properties, which cannot be found in traditional materials. These new materials can indeed combine physical, thermal and mechanical properties of their respective bulk materials to the foam properties, such as the capability of passive suppression of acoustic and mechanical vibrations, lightness and improved thermal capacity (Ref 2). The use of cellular materials may offer improvements in different application fields, like ship building, aerospace industry and civil engineering, for lightweight constructions, energy absorption, acoustic and thermal control (Ref 3). Different characteristic features, such as pore size, shape and distribution, and closedor open-cell structure, can be tuned by changing the foaming manufacturing process parameters (Ref 3, 4). Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are smart materials able to show functional properties, namely shape memory effect and pseudo-elasticity or superelasticity; moreover, SMAs have high damping response, which can be used for absorbing an important amount of energy during the closed loop (Ref 5, 6). In this class of material, Cu-based SMAs can be considered valid candidates for realizing smart porous structures, since they offer high damping properties, low melting temperature and relatively low cost (Ref 7). Few works in the open literature C.A. Biffi, P. Bassani, and A. Tuissi, Unit of Lecco, Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy, National Research Council,
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