Functional results of allograft vs. autograft tendons in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction at 10-year foll
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Functional results of allograft vs. autograft tendons in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction at 10‑year follow‑up Alessandro Bistolfi1 · Marcello Capella1 · Claudio Guidotti2 · Luigi Sabatini1 · Stefano Artiaco1 · Alessandro Massè1,2 · Riccardo Ferracini3,4 Received: 8 May 2020 / Accepted: 30 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is one of the most common sports injuries of the knee, and the arthroscopic reconstruction is the gold standard. Nevertheless, controversies about the surgical techniques and the type of graft still exist. Allografts have been considered by many surgeons as valid alternative to autografts. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of allografts compared to autografts at approximately 10 years of follow-up, investigating the level of physical activity currently performed by patients of each group. Methods Ninety-four patients, divided into two groups (allografts and autografts), have been retrospectively studied. The two groups did not significantly differ in preoperative sport activity level, age (mean 40.70 years for autografts and 41.23 for allografts) and characteristics. Allograft group received a fresh-frozen graft from the musculoskeletal tissues bank. Evaluations were made using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm score; every patient was interviewed for complications. Results The mean follow-up time was approximately 10 years for both groups, with a minimum of 8 years. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Average IKDC scores were 75.21 (SD 15.36) and 80.69 (SD 13.65) for the allograft and autograft groups, respectively. The mean Lysholm score was 87.57 (SD 9.43) for the allografts and 89.10 (SD 8.33) for the autografts. No major complications linked to the allograft tissue arose. Conclusion Both groups achieved almost the same functional outcomes at an average 10 years of follow-up, indicating fresh-frozen allografts as a reasonable alternative for ACL reconstruction. Level of evidence IV, Retrospective case–control study Keywords Acl · Graft · Allograft · Reconstruction
Introduction
* Alessandro Bistolfi [email protected] 1
Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Rehabilitation, C.T.O. Hospital. AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza, Via Zuretti 29, 10126 Turin, Italy
2
Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
3
Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genova, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
4
Orthopaedics, Koelliker Hospital, Turin, Italy
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are still very common, and according to some studies, they account for almost 50% of all knee injuries [1]. Most importantly, they occur in different subgroups of the population, such as professional athletes but also highly active amateur individuals and lastly occasionally active individua
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