Functional variants of MIF, INFG and TFNA genes are not associated with disease susceptibility or hearing loss progressi
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MISCELLANEOUS
Functional variants of MIF, INFG and TFNA genes are not associated with disease susceptibility or hearing loss progression in patients with Me´nie`re’s disease Irene Ga´zquez • Antonia Moreno • Teresa Requena • Jeff Ohmen • Sofia Santos-Perez • Ismael Aran • Andres Soto-Varela • Herminio Pe´rez-Garrigues • Alicia Lo´pez-Nevot • Angel Batuecas • Rick A. Friedman • Miguel A. Lo´pez-Nevot • Jose A. Lo´pez-Escamez
Received: 27 April 2012 / Accepted: 2 November 2012 / Published online: 21 November 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
Abstract Variability in acute immune response genes could determine susceptibility or prognosis for Me´nie`re0 s disease (MD). The cytokines tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and interferon c (INFc) are proinflammatory cytokines of the innate immune response. These cytokines mediate inflammation and have been previously associated with the inflammatory process in several autoimmune diseases. We investigated the association between functional allelic variants of MIF (rs35688089), IFNG (rs2234688) and TNFA (rs1800629) in patients with MD. In addition to testing these variants for an association with disease, we also tested for an association with clinical aspects of disease progression, such as persistence of vertigo and the
sensorineural hearing loss. A total of 580 patients with diagnosis of definite MD, according to the diagnostic scale of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and 552 healthy controls were included. DNA samples from a set of 291 American patients were used to confirm the results obtained in the MIF gene in our Spanish cohort. Although we found a significant association with the allele containing five repeats of CATT within the MIF gene in patients with MD in the Spanish cohort [corrected p = 0.008, OR = 0.69 (95 % CI, 0.54–0.88)], this finding could not be replicated in the American set. Moreover, no genetic associations for variants in either the TNFA or IFNG genes and MD were found. These results support the conclusion that functional variants of MIF, INFG, and TFNA genes are not associated with disease
I. Ga´zquez T. Requena J. A. Lo´pez-Escamez (&) Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Centro de Geno´mica e Investigacio´n Oncolo´gica Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucı´a (GENyO), Avda. de la Ilustracio´n, 114, 18014 Granada, Spain e-mail: [email protected]
H. Pe´rez-Garrigues Division Otoneurology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
A. Moreno M. A. Lo´pez-Nevot Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain J. Ohmen R. A. Friedman Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, House Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA S. Santos-Perez A. Soto-Varela Division of Otoneurology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
A. Lo´pez-Nevot Otology and Neurotology Group, CTS495, Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Virgen
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