Gap Junction Protocols
Presenting state-of-the-art protocols to study gap junctions, this detailed book first focuses on the use of methods and tools to investigate the different aspects of connexin expression and gap junction regulation. The second part of the volume describes
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Mathieu Vinken Scott R. Johnstone Editors
Gap Junction Protocols
METHODS
IN
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life and Medical Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7651
Gap Junction Protocols Editors by
Mathieu Vinken Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Scott R. Johnstone BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
Editors Mathieu Vinken Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels, Belgium
Scott R. Johnstone BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research University of Glasgow Glasgow, United Kingdom
ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic) Methods in Molecular Biology ISBN 978-1-4939-3662-5 ISBN 978-1-4939-3664-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3664-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016938511 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Humana Press imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media LLC New York
Preface A major hallmark of multicellularity is the ability to communicate. In fact, the maintenance of homeostasis in multicellular organisms is governed by three major communicative networks, namely extracellular, intracellular, and intercellular mechanisms. Extracellular signals, like hormones, trigger intracellular messengers, mainly signal transduction mediators, which affect intercellular communication [1, 2]. The latter is mediated by gap junctions, organized in aggregates called plaques at the plasma membrane surface. Gap junctions arise from the head-to-head interaction of two hemichannels, also called connexons, of adjacent cells. These hemichannels, in turn, are built up by six connexin (Cx) proteins. More than 20 connexin species have been cloned fr
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