Gender Essentialism, Authoritarianism, Social Dominance Orientation, and Filial Piety as Predictors for Transprejudice i
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Gender Essentialism, Authoritarianism, Social Dominance Orientation, and Filial Piety as Predictors for Transprejudice in Chinese People Boby Ho-Hong Ching 1
&
Jason Teng Xu 2 & Tiffany Ting Chen 1 & Kenneth Hong Cheng Kong 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Although research on prejudice against gender and sexual minorities has been increasing in recent years, little attention has been paid to predictors for transprejudice and its potential culture-specific correlates in particular. This cross-sectional study addressed these gaps in the literature by exploring the relative contributions of social dominance orientation, authoritarianism, filial piety, and essentialist beliefs of gender to negative attitudes toward transgender people in 371 Chinese participants. Path analyses showed that (a) consistent with previous research, authoritarianism and social dominance orientation made independent contributions to explaining variance in transprejudice; (b) filial piety, as a culture-specific variable, was a unique predictor for transprejudice beyond the effects of authoritarianism and social dominance orientation; and (c) these relations appeared to be mediated by gender essentialism. Our findings suggest that people with higher levels of authoritarianism and social dominance orientation tend to have stronger essentialist beliefs of gender, which may in turn contribute to the development of transprejudice. It also highlights the importance of identifying culture-specific predictors (e.g., filial piety in a Chinese context) when we attempt to understand transprejudice. Keywords Transgender . Prejudice . Gender essentialism . Authoritarianism . Social dominance orientation . Filial piety
Transprejudice refers to “the negative valuing, stereotyping, and discriminatory treatment of individuals whose appearance and/or identity does not conform to the current social expectations or conventional conceptions of gender” (King et al. 2009, p. 20). Understanding factors that relate to negative attitudes toward transgender people is important for informing scholarly and practical work to enhance individuals’ wellbeing (American Psychological Association 1999) and for social justice (Goodman et al. 2004; Vera and Speight 2003). Given that prejudice and discrimination hold negative consequences for individuals’ welfare, interpersonal relationships, and psychological well-being (Diaz et al. 2001; Hershberger and D'Augelli 1995; Meyer 1995, 2003; Rosario et al. 1996;
* Boby Ho-Hong Ching [email protected] 1
Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau
2
Department of East Asian Languages and Cultural Studies, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
Schope and Eliason 2000), some psychologists have called for more research on topics related to sexual/gender minorities (e.g., Phillips et al. 2003). An emerging number of studies have shown that prejudice against transgender people is prevalent across different nations, incl
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