General Survey of Thermal Springs of Qingzang Plateau and Its Surrounding Areas
This chapter tabulates statistics of thermal springs in Tibet Autonomous Region, west Sichuan Province and southwest Yunnan Province. There are different opinions concerning the amount of thermal springs in Tibet. According to “national standard”, it is o
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General Survey of Thermal Springs of Qingzang Plateau and Its Surrounding Areas
Abstract This chapter tabulates statistics of thermal springs in Tibet Autonomous Region, west Sichuan Province and southwest Yunnan Province. There are different opinions concerning the amount of thermal springs in Tibet. According to “national standard”, it is only 304; Considering low annual temperature at plateau, it could be more than 600. According to preliminary statistics in this book, the amount of thermal springs in Tibet is 645, in which 223 spas lack on-the-spot investigation. The west Sichuan is eastern end of Qingzang Plateau, where there are 334 thermal springs, in which 34 spas lack of temperature and water chemical data. Keywords Tibet autonomous region Yunnan Province
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West Sichuan Province
Southwest
The Thermal Springs in Tibet Autonomous Region
How many thermal springs are there in Tibet? There are two different opinions. 304 by Wen et al. (2010), whereas 677 by Tong et al. (2000). Apparently, the former researchers do not include spas below 25 °C in accordance with the “national standard”. The latter researchers divided spas into the following eight categories in their statistics, (1) boiling spring: whose temperature are greater or equal to the boiling point of local elevation; (2) sub-boiling spring: roughly 81 °C—the local boiling point; (3) hot springs: 46–80 °C; (4) warm spring: 36–45 °C; (5) low-temperature thermal springs: 21–35 °C; (6) tepid springs: 20 to >5 °C high than the local annual average temperature; (7) nine poison springs found on the topographic map but without field inspection; (8) 24 traces of thermal springs, which include some large sinters, but without spring waters spilling. This book compiles 645 thermal springs in total (Table 2.1). The differences of this table from the book “Thermal Springs in Tibet” (Tong et al. 2000) are as follows: (1) It removes the sub-boiling springs which are in fact high-temperature hot springs; (2) the low-temperature warm springs and tepid springs in “Thermal Springs in Tibet”
© Higher Education Press and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 Z. Liao, Thermal Springs and Geothermal Energy in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Surroundings, Springer Hydrogeology, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3485-5_4
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are merged into tepid springs (
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